Pituitary gland

Pituitary gland:

The Pituitary gland is or else termed as the hypophysis. It is situated at the base of the brain. It is around 1 cm long, 1 to 1.5 cm wide and 0.5 cm thick. It weighs around 500 mg. Anatomically the pituitary gland is divisible into anterior adenohypophysis and posterior neurohypophysis. The adenohypophysis contains three lobes or zones viz., Pars intermedia, Pars tuberalis and Pars distalis. The adenohypophysis or anterior lobe is embryologically derived from the roof of the mouth as a dorsal pouch. The neurohypophysis on the other hand, initiates from the floor of diencephalon, as a downward growth.

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                                                                      Figure: Pituitary gland


The hormones of anterior pituitary:

The adenohypophysis is dependable for the secretion of tropins or six trophic hormones. They are growth hormone or somatotropic hormone (i.e., GH/STH), Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH),Adrenocortico tropic hormone (ACTH), thyrotropic hormone or thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), Leutinizing hormone (LH) and Prolactin or Leuteotropic hormone (LTH).

 

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