Peripheral Lymphoid Organs

Peripheral Lymphoid Organs:

Lymph nodes:

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                                                                            Figure: Lymph node - C.S

The lymph nodes are very small, round or ovoid bodies placed all along the course of lymphatic vessels. They are enclosed by a fibrous capsule from which trabeculae penetrate into nodes. The node can be distinguished into an external cortex and an inner medulla. In cortex are accumulations of lymphocytes (i.e., primary follicles) in which germinal centers (i.e., secondary follicles) develop throughout antigenic stimulation. The follicles contain, besides proliferating lymphocytes, dendritic macrophages that capture and procedure the antigen. In the medulla, the lymphocytes are set as elongated branching bands (i.e., medullary cords). The cortical follicles and medullary cords have B lymphocytes and comprise the bursa or bone marrow dependent regions. Among the cortical follicles and medullary cords, there is a broad, intermediary zone termed as paracortical region that has T lymphocytes and constitutes the thymus dependent region.

Lymph nodes perform as a filter for the lymph. Each group of nodes drains a particular portion of the body. They phagocytose foreign materials involving micro organisms. They aid the proliferation and circulation of T and B cells. They expand following local antigenic stimulation. In human body, around 600 lymph nodes are circulated.

 

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