Noise pollution

Noise pollution:

The word noise is derived from the Latin term Nausea referring to the feeling of sickness in the stomach with an advice to vomit. Any unwanted and unpleasant sound is considered as noise. It is one of the forms of pollution. Noise pollution can be stated as unwanted or offensive sounds which unreasonably intrude into our daily activities. It is responsible for distinct adverse effects. In recent years noise is acknowledged as a main pollutant on par with other chemical pollutants of air, water and biosphere. Noise has many damaging effects on man and the damage acquire is irreversible.

There are different sources of noises and the sources are broadly categorized into industrial sources and non industrial sources. The noise is dumped into the atmosphere by the industries due to functioning of machineries form the industrial sources. On the other hand the noise related with urban development; air, road, and rail transport; television stations, loud speakers, radio and construction sites, neighborhood and recreational noise levels, and activities related with urban living usually lead to raised noise levels.

Sound is measured by numerous complicated systems. The best known unit of measurement is the measurement of sound in decibel that is named after Sir Alfred Bell. The industrial noise survey of India recognized noise levels from 81dB to 120dB as permissible levels.

Loud noises (i.e., above 130 dB) can cause instant and permanent damage to the muscles in the middle ear, altering the rigidity of the ossicles, damaging the hair cells of the cochlea and causing the rupture of ear drum thus decreasing the efficiency of hearing.

Extended exposure to unpleasant noises might lead to rigorous mental disturbances and violent behavior. Noise is also partially responsible for the raised consumption of alcohol, drugs, tranquillizers and sleeping pills. Noise pollution additional contributes to a few cardiovascular problems. Peptic ulcers and asthma are aggravated. Small vessels to glomerular circulation are subjected to vaso constriction and eventually the output of urine is decreased.

Persons exposed to unnecessary noise at work place have temporary destruction of hearing.

 

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