Blood cells

Blood cells or formed elements:

There are three kinds of blood cells or corpuscles. They are as follows:

1) Red Blood Corpuscles (RBC) or Erythrocytes:

These are biconcave, circular and non-nucleated cells. Males contain around 5.2 million erythrocytes per cubic millimeter of blood (i.e., range: 4.2-5.8 million). Females contain around 4.5 million/mm3 (i.e., range 3.6-5.2 million).

Each disc shaped RBC is around 7.5 µm in diameter. Their major component is a pigmented protein, haemoglobin. It provides red color to the blood. The haemoglobin transports O2. The oxygenated form of haemoglobin is termed as oxyhaemoglobin.

Erythrocytes remain in circulation for around 120 days in males and 110 days in females. They are building in the marrow of bones like ribs and vertebrae. They disintegrate in the liver and spleen.

2. White Blood Corpuscles (WBC) or Leucocytes:

These are apparent cells lacking haemoglobin. They are nucleated cells displaying amoeboid movement. They protect the body against attacking micro-organisms and eliminate dead cells from the body. There are five kinds of leucocytes.

1134_types of wbc.jpg

                                                                 Figure: Different types of WBC

3. Blood Platelets or Thrombocytes:

These are tiny fragments of cells which play a very significant role in coagulation of blood. Their life expectancy is around 5-9 days.

 

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