Absorption and assimilation

Absorption and assimilation:

As a consequence of digestion, all macromolecules of food are transformed into their corresponding monomeric units. Carbohydrates are broken down into monosaccharides like glucose and fructose. Proteins are hydrolyzed into amino acids. Lipids get broken down into fatty acids and glycerol. The simpler organic molecules all along with minerals, vitamins and water enter into body fluids via the villi.

The villi are little microscopic finger-like projections. Each and every villus is an absorbing unit consisting of a lacteal duct in the center surrounded by well network of blood capillaries. Whereas the fatty acids are absorbed by the lymph duct, other materials are absorbed either passively or actively by the capillaries of the villi.

From lumen of the alimentary canal absorbed food materials are carried to the liver via hepatic portal vein. From liver, the materials are transported to all other areas of the body for utilization. This conversion of food into energy and cellular organization is termed as assimilation.

 

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