Software and Software Engineering

Introduction to Software and Software Engineering

Function and performance are allocated to software during system engineering. In some cases, function is simply the implementation of a sequential procedure for data manipulation.  Performance is not externally defined. In other cases, function is internal coordination and control of other concurrent programs, and performance is defined externally in terms of response and wait times. To accommodate function and performance, the software engineer must build or acquire a set of software components.

 The  software elements  of  a computer based system  is comprised of program , data and documentation that  is categorized  as  applications software and system  software. Application software is designed to solve a specific problem or do a specific task whereas system software controls and coordinates the computer hardware.

Application software includes special purpose programs and general purpose programs. A special purpose solves a specific problem usually for a specific profession or industry. A registration program is to sign up for a class is an example of a special purpose program. General purpose grogram is the backbone of the microcomputer industry. This software program can do a variety of related tasks. Word processing spreadsheet and database program are popular example of general purpose software.

As we know that a computer based system can be represented using an input   process output (IPO) model. The software elements play a role in each aspect of this model. As IPO model tells input data is given to be processed to product the output. To be practical use in a computer based system, software must output data or control to another system elements or an external source. To produce output, software must format data in   manner that is amenable to the output medium and interface with the output device.

Software engineering is a discipline for developing high quality software for computer based systems. Its process has many to be followed, as illustrated in fig1.21. The various steps are given below:

1. Planning

2. Requirements Analysis

3. Design

(A)Data and Architectural Design

(B) Procedural Design

4. Coding

5. Unit, Integration and Validation tests

6. Release and Distribution

7. Maintenance

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