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  Principle of Structured Programming

Some Principle of Structured Programming

As we have seen much that structured programming  is an essential aspect of any  of the  programming  languages. It  basically makes our  program in a form of a  linear structure  in which  the execution of the  statement  of program  starts form  the beginning  of the  program and then  it linearly flows through  the program  and executing the  statement  one by one  in a sequence.  Such  feature makes  an effective  participation in every  programming  languages. If each of the  languages do has  such aspect  it execution will be so  easy.

So  the main principle  of the structured programming  is to  linearize the  control  flow  through  a computer program  so that  the execution sequence following the sequence  in which  the code has been written. This  important  principle  makes  to the  following characteristics clear:

  • Only one entry and exit is to be used.
  • None of the constructs sequence selection and repetition consists of more than three boxes.
  • If we visualize any one of the three constructs ( discussed previously) as they are used then a third characteristic is evident.
  • The entry is the start and the exit is at the end.

So this principle  increases the  readability  of the  code which  eases  understanding  testing debugging  documentation and modification  of programs.

Including this  main goal  as our main principle  there  are some  more principle that  are used for the  structured  programming  listed as:

  • Standardization
  • Abstraction
  • Expressive Power
  • Orthogonality
  • Minimality

(a) Standardization : It is always  desirable  to build  software  form components  that all exhibit the same  external  interface. The simples tinted face comprises one entry  point  at the start and one exit point  at the end. This has  the strength of beings  consistent  with the  essence of sequential programming. It also  conforms with  the important  idea of  calling  a procedure. We consider the idea of calling  a procedure  as a sequential  step and returning from it to  the next  instruction in sequence.

Other  constructs that posses the same single entry  at  the start single exit at the  end property are if  then else and while do.

(b) Abreaction : Abstraction is probably the most important idea in structured programming. The  human mind cannot devise or understand the whole of a complex system.  It can only understand some part of the system. But it is required and essential to  understand  the whole system. So  to resolve  such problem abstraction is used. In  abstraction the  system must be described in a notation that allows subsystems  to be see as black boxes whose task is readily  understood but whose  detail is invisible. In  programming  the procedure  has  long been  a mechanism that  fulfils this  role.

(c)Expressive Power :As  we have  already seen in section 6.5, 2.2 that the go to  statement   has very  less expressive  power  because  one statement  of go to  may have  3-4 types of meanings. That why we require some  mechanism  for repetition  and either a while statement  or recursion are sufficient  to provide this facility.  Many   languages provide both a while  statement  and a do while  statement . most  languages also  support recursion.

(d) Orthogonality : When  designing  a set  facilities a good  design  principle  is to create features  that are each as different  from  each other  as possible. If this  is so we can more  easily satisfy the goal of a minimum   number of functions  while at the same  time ensuring that  the facilities are sufficiently powerful for  all our  needs.

(e) Minimality : When  principle  of minimality restricts our tend3ency to include too many  facilities. So  to follow the concept of minimality,  three constructs given by Boehm Jacopini are the sufficient construct s to develop a structured program. There are other control  structures that involve only three or less boxes but from  amongst them all this three constructs set is the  minimal set.

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