Introduction to Organization Information System
Information is one main resource factor that is available to the manager. As the business market is becoming more complex nowadays and also the computer has improved its capabilities, the information should be managed properly.
Initially, the first major computer application was the processing of accounting data. After sometime , the four system also included this computer application, they were management information system , decision support system, the virtual office and knowledge based system. All of this application composed the computer based information systems.
The evolution of the CBIS was step by step progress. In beginning, during the first half of the 20th century, the early computer based accounting application were introduced and name was given as electronic data processing EDP or data processing DP or accounting information system. AIS when punched cards and key driven book keeping machines were there. Then in1964, the silicon chip circuitry was included in the new computers and the concept of using the computer was as management information system .MIS a man machine system, a highly integrated collection of information processing functions that were designed to provide management to perform the specific objective. After sometime some information scientists (Michael s Scott, Morton G. Anthony Gory and peter G. W. Keen) at the Massachusetts institute of technology MIT formulated a different approach. They came out with the concept of the decision support system. a DSS is an information producing system concentrating on the problem to be solved and the decisions taken by the manager and distinguishing itself with MIS as MIS was intended to have a team of managers to solve the problem whereas DSS was intended to have a single manager.
During the time that DSS evolved, another application came into existence i.e. office automation (OA) ( also called as the virtual office ) it grew to include video conferencing , voice mail, electronic mail, electronic calendaring, desktop publishing etc. Such system was used to describe all of the office automation application. Then it moved towards the business problems related to the artificial intelligence. The base of AI was that a computer can be programmed to perform some logical decisions, reasoning tasks just like as a human. In the 1990 the organisation concentrated more on the knowledge based system.
Fig1.17 shows the model of the CBIS, which mentions how the CBIS subsystems are used in problem solving. It describes that all five system collectively make the complete CBIS. It provides the sufficient information, when the decisions are made to solve the problem.
As the time passes by, the information is becoming an essential part of computer based system. These information systems rely on the computer for handling various business applications. While developing such systems, the computes are used for problem solving so the system concerned system analyst must have the knowledge of the computer technology, its related terms and must be trained about that how the human factors are handled and managed in any organization . In next section various information systems are described briefly.
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