Do's of Good Programming Style
Dos of good programming style do mean that to achieve the better programming style we should follow them. Various Dos of good programming style are listed in table 6.8.
Within the context of software engineering the term meaningful means meaningful from the viewpoint of future maintenance programmes. So it is better for a programmer to give names to variables that are meaningful to only that programmer. Because most variables in a program reflect some entity in the problem domain, so variable names should be closely related to the entity they represent.
Meaningful variable names don't require comment statement to express the meanings of variable names, even they are self explanatory about themselves. And it is bad practice to choose cryptic names ( just to avoid typing ) or totally unrelated names.
Following example shows the good use of meaningful variable names .
Example 1. Consider an expression to find out the circumference of a circle. If we don't use meaningful variable names them the expression can be written as :
C =2 × p × r
Here were requiring the comments statements to explain the meanings of these variable names C, p and r. But if we use meaningful variable names it will be like:
Circum = 2× pi × red
Here all three variables are self explanatory. Circum represents circumference pi has a constant value and red is radius of the circle.
Now, if I about the meaningful variable names, then the following variable names are according to our need like add1 add2. But such type of variable names may lead us to the typographical error. These typographical errors are not detected by the complier and even they may lead program logic errors. So we should choose the meaningful variable names but avoiding to put 1,2, etc. On the right side of the variable names. In addition to the use of meaningful variable names it is equally essential that variable names be consistent. This concept is better understood with the help of following examples.
Example 2. Consider a module in which followings four variables are declared:
Average freq frequency maximum min Fr, Frqncytot.
A maintenance programmer who is trying to understand the code has to know if freq, frequency, fr and frequency , all refer to the same things. If yes then the identical word should be used like frequency. But if one or more variable names refer to different quantity then a totally different name, such as rate should be used.
A second aspect of consistency is the ordering of the components of variable names. An example is given below to discuss this concept.
Example 3. If one variable is named frequency maximum then the name minimum frequency would be confusing. It should be frequency minimum. Thus in order to make the code clear an unambiguous for future maintenance programmers the four variables listed previously should be named frequency average frequency maximum, frequency minimum and frequency total respectively.
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