Introduction to Computer Based Information System
Information is one main resource factor that is available to the manager. As the business market is becoming more complex nowadays and also the computer has improved its capabilities, the information should be managed properly.
Initially, the first major computer application was the processing of accounting data. After sometime , the four system also included this computer application, they were management information system , decision support system, the virtual office and knowledge based system. All of these application composed the computer based information systems.
Fig1.17 shows the model of the CBIS, which mentions how the CBIS subsystems are used in problem solving. It describes that all five system collectively make the complete CBIS. It provides the sufficient information, when the decisions are made to solve the problem.
1. Accounting information system: Accounting information system performs the firm accounting application. It is a data oriented application, so it should produce some information. A firm data processing tasks are performed by it that collects data describing the firm activities converts the data into information and makes the information available to users both inside and outside the firm.
Advantages
Adheres to relatively standardized methods.
Handles detailed data
Has a good historical focus.
2. Management Information System: system management information is a combination of the various information systems. It makes information available with similar needs to the user needs. An MIS deals with the information that can be collected regularly and systematically according to the predefined rules. To do the tasks, such systems should operate in the real time, so they can process the information as early as received.
It can handle inquiries and towards result oriented.
It is suitable for analysis.
It helps to build the decisions and for the basis of management activities like planning controlling etc.
3. Decision support system: Decision support system enhances the capabilities of MIS. The origin of the terms. Decision forces on the decision making in problem solving support requires computer aided decisions with enough structure and system integrate all the subsystems and suggesting a combined man machine and decision environment.
Advantage
Better decisions are taken.
Only one manager is required
It saves the cost and time.
4. Virtual Office : In virtual office the office work can be done virtually at any geographical area as long as the work site is linked to one or more of the firms fixed areas by some type of electronic communication capability.
Reduced equipment and facility cost.
Formal communication work.
Social contribution.
Reduced work stoppages.
5. Knowledge Based System: the CBIS subsystem which is attracting the greatest attention from computer scientists and information specialists is knowledge based system a subset of artificial intelligence or AI.
A popular form of knowledge based system is the expert system. It is the activity of providing such machines as computer with the ability to display behaviour that would be regarded as intelligent of it were observed in humans.
Improved output and expertise
Flexibility
Output is selected with the opinion of many experts.
Effective manipulation of large knowledge base.
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