Uses of Radioactive Isotopes:
a) Study of reaction mechanism:
Mechanism of photosynthesis in plants:
A small amount of Radioactive CO2 having radioactive oxygen O18 is mixed with normal carbon dioxide and the procedure is carried out. It has been determined that oxygen gas evolved all along with sugar formation is non-radioactive. Hence O2generated comes from water and not from carbon dioxide. Therefore the right mechanism is as shown below:
6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2b) Study of hydrolysis of ester:
By labeling oxygen, the method of ester hydrolysis can be studied by employing water labeled with O18. The hydrolysis of an ester by water augmented with radioactive oxygen is point out as:
Hence it is the acid and not alcohol generated, that is radioactive confirming the above mechanism.
Radioactive isotopes that is helpful in medicine:
Isotope Use
1H3 Tritium Measure water content of the body6C11Carbon-11 Brain scan6C14Carbon-14 Radio immunology53I131Iodine -131 Diagnoses of damaged heart muscles and hyperthyroidism80Hg197Mercury-197 Kidney scan15P32Phosphorous-32 Detection of eye tumors26Fe59Iron-59 Diagnosis of anemia27Co60Cobalt-60 Treatment of cancer11Na24Sodium-24 Location of blood clots and circularity disorders79Au198Gold-198 Curing of cancersRadio isotopes which are useful in industry and in agriculture
38Sr90 Strontium-90 Thickness of coatings or levels of liquids in tanks
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