Association of Kp and Kc:
Generally, depending on the sign of Δng, Kp & Kc are associated in three ways.Case (i):
If Δng = 0, the total number of moles of gaseous products are equivalent to the total number of moles of gaseous reactants.
For illustration, in the formation equilibrium of HI,
H2(g) + I2(g) ↔ 2HI(g)Δng = 2 - (1+1) = 2 - 2 = 0∴ Kp = Kc (RT) OKp = KcCase (ii):
If Δng = +ve, the total number of moles of gaseous products are bigger than the total number of moles of gaseous reactants.
For illustration,
2H2O(g) + 2Cl2(g) ↔ 4HCl(g) + O2(g)Δng = (4+1) – (2+2)= 5 – 4 = 1∴ Kp = Kc (RT)1Kp = Kc RTand Kp > KcCase (iii):
If Δng = –ve, the total number of moles of gaseous products are lower than the total number of moles of gaseous reactants.
For illustration, consider the formation of equilibrium of ammonia,
3H2(g) + N2(g) ↔ 2NH3(g)Δng = 2 – (3+1)= 2 – 4 = –2∴ Kp = Kc (RT)-2Kp = Kc/ (RT)2and Kp < Kc
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