Introduction to Intermolecular force
Intermolecular forces are forces of attraction or repulsion which act between neighbouring particles (atoms, molecules or ions). They are the weak compared to intermolecular forces, forces which keep a molecule together. For instance, the covalent bond present within HCl molecules is much stronger than the forces present between the neighbouring molecules, which exist when molecules are sufficiently close to each other.
There are four kinds of attractive intermolecular forces:
1. Dipole-dipole forces
2. Ion-dipole forces
3. Dipole-induced dipole forces or Debye forces
4. Instantaneous dipole-induced dipole forces or London dispersion forces.
London dispersion force
Otherwise known as quantum-induced instantaneous polarization or instantaneous dipole-induced dipole force, the London dispersion force is due to correlated movements of the electrons in interacting molecules. Electrons that belong to the different molecules start "fleeing" and avoiding each other at the short intermolecular distances, which is frequently defined as the formation of "instantaneous dipoles" that attract each other.
Debye (induced dipole) force
The induced dipole forces appear from the induction (also known as polarization), which is attractive interaction between a permanent multipole on one molecule with an induced (by the former di/multi-pole) multipole on another. This interaction is called the Debye force after the Peter J.W. Debye.
The example of an induction-interaction between permanent dipole and induced dipole is the interaction between the HCl and Ar. In this system, Ar experiences a dipole as its electrons are attracted (to the H side of HCl) or repelled (from the Cl side) by HCl. This type of interaction can be expected between any polar molecule and non-polar/symmetrical molecule. Induction-interaction force is far weaker than dipole-dipole interaction, but stronger than London dispersion force.
Dipole-dipole interactions
Dipole-dipole interactions are electrostatic interactions of permanent dipoles in molecules. These interactions tend to align molecules to increase the attraction (reducing potential energy). An illustration of dipole-dipole interaction can be seen in hydrogen chloride (HCl): the positive end of a polar molecule will attract the negative end of the other molecule and influence their arrangement. The Polar molecules have a net attraction between them. For example the HCl and chloroform (CHCl3)
Keesom interactions (named after Willem Hendrik Keesom) are attractive interactions of dipoles that are Boltzmann-averaged over different rotational orientations of the dipoles. Energy of a Keesom interaction depends on the inverse sixth power of the distance, not like the interaction energy of two spatially fixed dipoles, which depends on inverse third power of the distance.
Often molecules contain dipolar groups but have no overall dipole moment. This occurs if there is symmetry within molecule that causes the dipoles to cancel each other out. This occurs in the molecules like tetrachloromethane. Note that dipole-dipole interaction between two atoms is generally zero because atoms rarely carry a permanent dipole.
Ion-dipole and ion-induced dipole forces
The Ion-dipole and ion-induced-dipole forces operate more like dipole-dipole and induced-dipole interactions but involve ions instead of only polar and non-polar molecules being involved. Ion-induced dipole and Ion-dipole forces are stronger than dipole interactions because the charge of any ion is much greater than the charge of a dipole moment. Bonding of Ion-dipole is stronger than hydrogen bonding.
Ion-dipole force consists of an ion and a polar molecule interacting. They align so that positive and negative forces are next to one another allowing for the maximum attraction.
Ion-induced dipole force consists of an ion and a non-polar molecule interacting. Such as a dipole-induced dipole force, the charge of ion causes a distortion of the electron cloud on the non-polar molecule.
Email based Intermolecular Force Homework Help -Assignment Help
Tutors at the www.tutorsglobe.com are committed to provide the best quality Intermolecular Force homework help - assignment help. They use their experience, as they have solved thousands of the Intermolecular Force assignments, which may help you to solve your complex Intermolecular Force homework. You can find solutions for all the topics come under the Intermolecular Force. The dedicated tutors provide eminence work on your Organic Chemistry homework help and devoted to provide K-12 level Chemistry to college level Chemistry help before the deadline mentioned by the student. Intermolecular Force homework help is available here for the students of school, college and university. TutorsGlobe assure for the best quality compliance to your homework. Compromise with quality is not in our dictionary. If we feel that we are not able to provide the homework help as per the deadline or given instruction by the student, we refund the money of the student without any delay.
Qualified and Experienced Intermolecular Force Tutors at www.tutorsglobe.com
Tutors at the www.tutorsglobe.com take pledge to provide full satisfaction and assurance in Intermolecular Force homework help. Students are getting Chemistry homework help services across the globe with 100% satisfaction. We value all our service-users. We provide email based Intermolecular Force homework help - assignment help. You can join us to ask queries 24x7 with live, experienced and qualified Chemistry tutors specialized in Intermolecular Force.
www.tutorsglobe.com offers substituted benzene homework help, substituted benzene assignment help, online tutoring assistance, organic chemistry solutions by online qualified tutor's help.
phase rule tutorial all along with the key concepts of degree of freedom or variance, phase diagram, phase diagram of water, merits of phases rule and limitation of phase rule
tutorsglobe.com mode of infection assignment help-homework help by online emerging viral infections in humans tutors
tutorsglobe.com haemocytometer assignment help-homework help by online medical lab methods tutors
Semi-Automatic Washing Machine is comparatively simple in operation and construction. It contains two separate tubs that are wash tub and spin tub.
Antigen tutorial all along with the key concepts of Origin of Antigens, Exogenous antigens, Endogenous antigens, Autoantigens, Tumour antigens, Affinity and Avidity, Specificity and Cross Reactivity, Factors affecting antigen-antibody
Fluorescence Spectroscopy tutorial all along with the key concepts of Basic Concept of Molecular Fluorescence, Relationship between Excitation and Fluorescence Spectra, Fluorescence and Structure, Effects of Temperature and Solvent, Effect of Concentration, Instrumentation
tutorsglobe.com corm assignment help-homework help by online propagation by underground stem tutors
Electrical Properties Associated with Rocks tutorial all along with the key concepts of Electric Current Methods, Resistivity and Conductivity, Electrical resistivities of rocks and minerals, Apparent resistivity, Overburden effects
What are Material Losses, The material losses are Waste, Scrap, Spoilage and Defectives. One of the major reasons of increasing material costs is the loss of material within the production process. It is of paramount significance
www.tutorsglobe.com offers classes of data items homework help, assignment help, case study, writing homework help, online tutoring assistance by computer science tutors.
tutorsglobe.com diabetes mellitus assignment help-homework help by online carbohydrate metabolism tutors
tutorsglobe.com standard free energy assignment help-homework help by online gibbs free energy tutors
tutorsglobe.com reactions of the citric acid cycle assignment help-homework help by online tricarboxylic acid cycle tutors
Financial reporting has been about for many hundreds of years. It appears to have come out like a result of one or more persons having custody and management of assets that belonging to one or more others.
1959146
Questions Asked
3689
Tutors
1481001
Questions Answered
Start Excelling in your courses, Ask an Expert and get answers for your homework and assignments!!