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  Oxidation of Sulphur compounds

Oxidation of Sulphur compounds:

Certain microorganisms oxidize reduced Sulphur compounds. They are termed as Sulphur oxidizers. Members of the genus Thiobacillus are the major organisms included in the oxidation of elemental Sulphur. The following reactions are catalyzed by few of the thiobacilli.

Thiobacillus thiooxidans   S+1½O2 + H2O → H2SO4

Thiobacillus denitrificans 5S + 6KNO3 + 2H2O → K2SO4 + 4KHSO4 + 3N2

The capability to oxidize sulphur is not limited to only the genus Thiobacillus. Heterotrophic bacteria, actinomycetes, and fungi are also capable to oxidize sulphur compounds. Sulphur is first transformed enzymatically to sulphite that is then oxidized into sulphate.

Reduction of sulphur compounds:

Under anaerobic situation, sulfate is reduced to H2S by sulphate reducing bacteria. The inorganic compounds are reduced by bacteria, termed as sulphate reducing bacteria. Among the bacteria, Desulfovibrio desulfuricans seems to be the most significant. The method by which sulphate is reduced includes the conversion of sulphate to sulphite, a reaction which requires ATP. The sulphite is reduced to H2S.

SO4 → SO3 → S2O3 → S

 

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