Mycorrhiza

Mycorrhiza:

The symbiotic relation between certain types of fungi and roots of higher plant is termed as Mycorrhiza (i.e., Fungus roots). It is a different morphological structure that develops as an outcome of mutualistic symbiosis among some specific root-inhabiting fungi and plant roots. Plants that suffer from nutrient scarcity, particularly P and N, develop mycorrhiza.  Mycorrhiza plays a crucial role in the mobilization phosphorus mineral. The utilization of mycorrhzal fungi has raised its significance due to its multifarous role in plant growth and outcome. Mycorrhiza raises mineral absorption by the green plants. The fungus gives some nutrients to the tree that in turn provides necessary growth substances to the fungus. There are two kinds of mycorrhiza:

(i) Endomycorrhiza and
(ii) Ectomycorrhiza. 

When the fungus grows totally inside the root tissue among the cells it is termed as endomycorrhiza. The ectomycorrhizal fungi comprise Amanita, Boletus and Seleroderma. The endomycorrhizal fungi comprise:

(i) Glomus mosseae, 
(ii) Glomus fasciculatum and Gigaspora margarita.

Biopesticides:

Biopesticides are the preparation of chemicals or microbial cells mainly from bacteria, fungi and viruses for killing of insect pests. The illustrations are Iridovirus, Baculo viruses, Bacillus thuringiensis, B.popilliae, Coelomomyces, B.sphaerius, Entmophthora & Fusarium. However numerous kinds of micro-organisms have been endorsed as potential entomopathogens, a notable success has been attained only with a few micro-organisms. The various pest populations can be controlled by micro-organisms.

 

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