Enzymes

Enzymes:

C5a peptidase:

C5a is the component of complement system produced during complement activation. C5a is a chemotactic agent which attracts phagocytic cells. C5a peptidase is an enzyme generated by Str. pyogenes. It cleaves the C5a and inactivates it and hence phagocytic cells are not attracted.

Hyaluronidase:

Str. pyogenes generates an enzyme termed as hyaluronidase. It degrades hyaluronic acid that is a cement substance existed in connective tissues. It facilitates spread of infection in tissues.

Streptokinase:

Streptokinase is also termed as fibrinolysin. It aids in the quick spread of organisms in the tissues. It is generated by all strains of Str. pyogenes. It activates plasminogen in plasmin. Str. pyogenes uses host plasmin to hinder fibrin barrier formation and therefore spreads quickly.

Lipoproteinase:

This enzyme is termed as opacity factor. It induces opalescence in growth media having serum. It is generated mainly by Str. Pyogenes causing skin infections.

Deoxyribonuclease: (DNAse)

Four distinct forms of DNAses are generated by Str. pyogenes. They are designated DNAse A, B, C and D. Such enzymes hydrolyze deoxyribonucleic acid. They play a role in dispersal by liquefying viscous exudates.

Toxins:

Streptolysins: Str. pyogenes generates two different types of streptolysins. One is oxygen labile streptolysin O and the other is serum soluble streptolysin S. Both such streptolysins lyse red blood cells.

Pathogenesis and clinical findings:

In streptococcal infections a range of distinct disease procedures are seen. The outcome of infection and the diseases based on the properties of the infecting organisms, the portal of entry and the host response. Infections can be categorized into various categories.

 

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