Chlamydia

Chlamydia:

Chlamydia is a big group of obligate intracellular parasites. They closely look like Gram negative bacteria. They are among the most general pathogens all through the animal kingdom. There are four species:

1. Chlamydia trachomatis  
2. Chlamydia psittaci 
3. Chlamydia pneumoniae 
4. Chlamydia pecorum.

Common characteristics of Chlamydia:

They are Gram negative, non-motile, obligate intracellular bacteria. Particle size differs from 250-500 nm. Multiplication is by means of an exclusive developmental cycle (i.e., different from other microorganisms). They duplicate in the cytoplasm of the host cell and generate characteristic inclusion bodies.

Inclusion bodies can be view by light microscopy. They vary from the viruses by possessing both RNA and DNA. Cell wall structure is identical to Gram negative bacteria. They are susceptible to antimicrobial agents like chloramphenicol, sulfonamides, tetracycline and also possess number of enzymes with restricted metabolic capacity. Such metabolic reactions do not outcome energy to the cell; therefore they are considered energy parasites. They employ energy produced by the host for their own needs. Chlamydiae possess group particular, complement fixing antigens. The individual members are recognized by their virulence to different hosts, pathology generated and possession of particular antigen.

1707_life cycle of chlamdia.jpg

 

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