Properties of Copper Sulphate

Properties of Copper Sulphate:

Physical properties:

1. The anhydrous salt is colorless however the hydrated salt is blue in color.

2. It eagerly dissolves in water however is insoluble in alcohol.

Chemical Properties:

1. Action of Heat:

On heating CuSO4.5H2O lose its water of crystallization and decomposes at 720°C to provide cupric oxide and sulphur trioxide.
 
2. Action of ammonia:

Copper sulphate provides deep blue color with NH4OH making complex compound.

CuSO4 + 4NH4OH → [Cu (NH3)4]SO4 + 4H2O

3. Action of KI:

Whenever KI is added to a solution of CuSO4, a white precipitate of cuprous iodide is generated.

CuSO4 + 2KI → CuI2 + K2SO4
                          (Unstable)
2CuI2 → Cu2I2 + I2
            (White ppt)

4. Action with KCN:

The yellow precipitate of cupric cyanide is primary formed with KCN and it decomposes to provide cyanogen gas.

CuSO4 + 2KCN → Cu(CN)2 + K2SO4
2Cu(CN)2 →  Cu2(CN)2 + (CN)2
                                    cyanogen

5. Action of alkalies:

With alkalies, a pale blue precipitate of copper hydroxide is created.

CuSO4 + 2NaOH → Cu(OH)2+ Na2SO4
                                Pale blue precipitate

6. Action with H2S:

With H2S it provides a black precipitate of the copper sulphide.

CuSO4 + H2S → CuS + H2SO4
                         (Black ppt)

 

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