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  Properties of Copper

Properties of Copper:

Physical properties:

Copper is a reddish brown metal, with high density, high lustre, and high melting point 1356°C.

Chemical Properties:

1) Action of air and moisture:

Copper gets enclosed with a green layer of basic copper carbonate, in the presence of CO2 and moisture

2Cu + O2 + CO2 + H2O → Cu(OH)2.CuCO3
                                   (i.e., Green) Copper Carbonate


2) Action of Heat:

Copper whenever heated to redness (i.e., below 1370K) in the presence of air or oxygen, first it gets transformed to black cupric oxide and further heating to above 1370K, it gets transformed into red cuprous oxide.

3) Action of acids:

a) With dilute HCl and H2SO4:

Dilute acids like HCl and H2SO4 contain no action on such metals in the absence of air or an oxidising agent. Copper dissolves in such acids in the presence of air

2Cu + 4HCl + O2 (air) → 2CuCl2 + 2H2O
2Cu + 2H2SO4+ O2 (air) → 2CuSO4 + 2H2O

b) With dil. HNO3:

Copper combines with dilute HNO3 with the release of NO gas.
3Cu + 8HNO3 (dil) → 3Cu (NO3)2 + 2NO↑ + 4H2O

c) With con. HNO3 and con.H2SO4:

Copper reacts with con.HNO3 and con.H2SO4 with the release of NO2 and SO2 correspondingly.

Cu + 4HNO3 (con) → Cu(NO3)2 + 2NO2↑ + 2H2O
Cu + 2H2SO4 (con) → CuSO4 + SO2↑ + 2H2O


4) Action of chlorine:

Chlorine reacts with copper, resultant in the formation of copper chloride.

Cu + Cl2 → CuCl2

v) Action of alkalis:

Copper never attacked by alkalies.

 

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