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  Mechanical and Electrical Degrees

Introduction to Mechanical and Electrical Degrees

Mechanical degree, θmd is employed for accounting the angle among two points on a circle or round object based upon the mechanical or physical placement of there. Diagram that is displayed below (a) depicts four points A, B, C, and D marked around a circle. As reference taking point A, that is, as 00, point C is located precisely opposite to point A and is marked as 180 mechanical degree or just 1800 degrees.  Among points A and C, points B and D are marked as 900 and 2700 correspondingly. Point A is also marked as 3600, like it is similar point as the reference point, arrive at after going around circle once.

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Figure - Mechanical and Electrical Degrees

Electrical degree, qed is employed for accounting the angle among two points in rotating electrical machines. Because all electrical machines operate along with the help of magnetic fields, the electrical degree is employed along with reference to the polarity of the magnetic field.  Refer a two pole machine, as displayed in the above diagram (b) Point A is precisely under the North Pole field and is chose as reference point with 00.  Point C is within the South Pole and magnetically opposite to North Pole. It is manifest as 1800ed or 1800e.  After one encircling, point A is reached and marked like 3600 ed or 3600e. In the above diagram (b) is similar to the above diagram (a), for a two pole machine.

So, mechanical degree in terms of poles      

Equation: θmd = 360/ p

Where θmd stands for = mechanical degree

And the Mechanical degree in terms of slots

Equation: βm = 360/ s

Where âm is the mechanical degree among adjacent slots, S stands for the number of slots

Refer a 4 pole machine, as displayed in the diagram above(c).  Point A is within the North Pole that is denoted by N1 and marked as 00ε. By moving clockwise, point B is located at 900md from point A. But point B is within South Pole that is denoted by S1 that is magnetically opposite to N1. Therefore, point B is marked as 1800ε. Now, point C is within N2, that is 1800md away from point A. Point C has similar magnetic polarity like that of point A, therefore it is marked as 3600ε.  Point D within S2 is 2700 md from point A, and therefore marked as 5400ε, that is , 3600ε +1800ε = 5400ε.  After one complete encircling, point A is arrived at again, and marked as 7200ε, that is, 5400ε + 1800ε = 7200ε.

The mechanical and electrical degrees are different from one another from the point of reference. So, mechanical and electrical degrees are related through the number of poles, P.

Equation: θed = (P/2) θmd

in which θed = electrical degree.

In terms of slots, β = (P/2)βm

In which â = electrical degree among the adjacent slots.

Find out the mechanical and electrical degrees among adjacent poles for an 8 pole machine.

 Solution: From the above equation,  θmd = 360/p = 360/8= 450                                     

From equation, θed = (P/2)θmd = (6/2)45o = 180oε

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