Introduction:
The previous experiments in acid - base titrations had exposed us to the laboratory skills required to successfully titrate an acid against a base. We have also learnt how to calculate the volume and molar concentrations of either of the reactants. In particular we are fully aware of the standardization procedure required to know the actual concentration of a solution whose concentration is not accurately known.
However, acid - base titrations provide more applications than this. We can also use titrimetric analysis to determine other parameters such as the percentage purity of a substance. Sometimes, one of the substances used in the titrations may be impure. This impurity may be due to improper preparations of the substance e.g. presence of water of crystallization or contamination by one of its salts e.g. contamination of NaOH via NaCl.
In any of these cases however, the neutralization reaction will only occur between the pure component of the impure substance and the pure titrant. That is, the impurity will remain in solution. In the specific cases mentioned above, the contaminant, NaCl and the water of crystallization will remain in solution whilst the pure NaOH will react with the titrant.
Experiment:
Determination of the percentage purity of a substance
Requirements:
Procedure:
1. Rinse a burette twice through a few drops of solution A and next fill it by similar solution above the zero mark. Drain to the marking, making sure the burette is full.
2. Using a pipette, move 20cm3 of solution B into a conical flask. Add 2 to 3 drops of methyl orange. Place the conical flask into a white sheet of paper or tile.
3. Run solution A to the conical flask whilst shaking vigorously until a permanent faint pink coloration is examined.
4. Replicate the titration using fresh portions of solution B until at least 2 titrations are within the accuracy of 2.2cm 3 of the titrant.
5. Discover the average of the titre values.
Problem:
From your average titre value, determine
a) The molar concentration of solution B
b) The amount in moles of solution A
c) The molar concentration of solution A
d) The mass concentration of the pure acid in solution A in grams per dm3
e) The percentage impurity of the solution A
f) Name another indicator that might be suitable for this reaction and what would be the colour at the end point.
(Na = 23, 0 = 16, H = 1, S =32)
Results:
Average titre reading = + + /3 = 22.50cm3 (assuming)
Treatment of Results:
This is the 1st in a series of actual practical test. The workings have been provided to enable us additional understand the steps involved in the calculation. Note that: the titre value 1 have used might be different from the titre value we actually gain.
The balanced chemical equation is
2NaOH + H2SO4 → Na2O4 + 2H2O
The mass concentration of solution B = 5.24g dm-3
Molar mass of NaOH = 40.0g.mol -1
a) Molar conc. of solution B = mass/ molar mass = 5.24 gdm-3 / 40g mo1 -1 )
= 0.131.moldm-3
b) The amount in moles of solution A.
First, we find the amount in moles of B = molar conc. X volume
= 0.131 moldm-3 x 20dm3/1000
= 0.0026 mole
From stiochiometry
2 moles of B = 1 mole of A
•.0.0026 moles of B = 1/2 (0.0026 moles of A) / 0.0013 moles of A
c) The molar concentration of A
= 0.0013 moles of A is contained in say, 22.50cm3
1000cm 3 will contain 0.0013 x 1000 /22.50
= 0.058 moles dm-3
d) The mass concentration of the pure acid in grams per dm3 molar mass H2SO4 = 2 + 32 + 64 = 98.0 per mole mass concentration = 0.0058 x 98 = 5.706gdm-3
e) The percentage impurity of solution A we must find the concentration of the original impure acid in g/dm3, We were provided with 4.50g in 250cm3 250cm3 of solution A contains 4.50g 1000cm3 dm3) will contain 4.50 x 1000gdm-3 /250
The concentration in gdm-3 =18.0gdm3
But the mass of solution A obtained from the titration is 5.706gdm
Mass of the impurity = 18.0 - 5.7
= 1/.3gclm-3
The percent impurity = mass of impurity x 100 mass of impure acid
= 12.3 x100 /18.0
= 68.33%
That is, solution A is 68.33% impure.
f) This question was asked to enable you choose indicators in unit 5 and to make you aware that there could be other suitable indicators. Another suitable indicator is phenolphthalein indicator and the colour at the end point is colourless.
Tutorsglobe: A way to secure high grade in your curriculum (Online Tutoring)
Expand your confidence, grow study skills and improve your grades.
Since 2009, Tutorsglobe has proactively helped millions of students to get better grades in school, college or university and score well in competitive tests with live, one-on-one online tutoring.
Using an advanced developed tutoring system providing little or no wait time, the students are connected on-demand with an expert at https://www.tutorsglobe.com. Students work one-on-one, in real-time with a tutor, communicating and studying using a virtual whiteboard technology. Scientific and mathematical notation, symbols, geometric figures, graphing and freehand drawing can be rendered quickly and easily in the advanced whiteboard.
Free to know our price and packages for online chemistry tutoring. Chat with us or submit request at [email protected]
Artificial Satellite and Remote Sensing tutorial all along with the key concepts of orbit of the Earth, Satellites in Circular Orbits, Relationship between Radius and Orbital Speed, Period of Satellite, Orbital Radius of Synchronous Satellites, Remote Sensing, Preliminary Remarks, Data Collection, Processing of Remote Sensing Data
tutorsglobe.com skin grafting assignment help-homework help by online skin tutors
Financial Accounting intended at finding out results of accounting year in the form of Profit and Loss Account and Balance Sheet. Cost Accounting intended at computing cost of production or service in a scientific manner and then cost control and cost reduction.
Theory and lecture notes of Understanding the Growth Model all along with the key concepts of understanding the growth model, growing economy, Growth of Capital per Worker, Capital-Output Ratio, Steady State Growth Path. Tutorsglobe offers assignment help and tutor’s assistance on Understanding the Growth Model.
theory of sequential circuit design all along with the key concepts of sequential circuit design, finite state machines, combinational logic, digital watch interface, homomorphic image. tutorsglobe offers homework help, assignment help and tutor’s assistance on sequential circuit design.
Principles of Infrared Spectroscopy tutorial all along with the key concepts of Principles of Infrared Spectroscopy, Intensity and Energy Level of Absorption in IR-Spectroscopy , Instrumentation of Infrared Spectroscopy, Infrared Spectrum and Interpretation of Infrared Spectra
tutorsglobe.com significance of natural vegetative propagation assignment help-homework help by online natural methods of vegetative propagation tutors
radioactivity and binding energy of nuclei tutorial all along with the key concepts of properties of nucleus, binding energy per nucleon, mass defect, nuclear stability, radioactive decay law, half-life, radioactive series, accelerators and detectors
Metazoa-Origin and Evolution tutorial all along with the key concepts of Levels of body organization, Characteristics of metazoa, Developmental patterns in metazoa, Body cavity and Coelom, Cephalisation and segmentation, Origin and evolution of metazoa
tutorsglobe.com parathyroid gland assignment help-homework help by online co-ordination systems tutors
tutorsglobe.com morphological types assignment help-homework help by online leishmania tutors
entropy and second law of thermodynamics tutorial all along with the key concepts of change in entropy, change in entropy during adiabatic and isothermal processes, efficiency of carnot engine
Population regulation tutorial all along with the key concepts of Types of Population Regulation, Density-Dependent Factors, Density Independent Factors
tutorsglobe.com albinism assignment help-homework help by online inborn errors of metabolism tutors
theory and lecture notes of ttl logic gate series all along with the key concepts of circuit structures, standard ttl 74, and-or-invert gate 7451, exclusive-or gate 7486. tutorsglobe offers homework help, assignment help and tutor’s assistance on ttl logic gate series.
1936390
Questions Asked
3689
Tutors
1456194
Questions Answered
Start Excelling in your courses, Ask an Expert and get answers for your homework and assignments!!