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  Sustained agriculture

Sustained agriculture:

Increased food production was made probable through the employment of current technology in agriculture. The raise in the productivity is mostly because of fast rise in overall area within cultivation of cereals. To keep the crops and productivity, we must expand irrigation facilities and make use of large amounts of fertilizers and pesticides. This overexploitation had the effect in the degradation of soils and their erosion.  Because of degeneration in soil fertility, the traditional ranges of crop plants like cultivated in earlier periods got gone or are on the brink of extinction. Our agriculture is gradually being converted into an unsustainable system in the years to come, like the cost of chemicals and labour, fertilizers, cost of seeds is going to compose the agricultural products costlier.

This will influence millions of illiterate farmers. Therefore, to remedy this situation, we will have to be find substitute permanent arrangements in sustainable agriculture.

To guard the interest of the farmers on their agricultural lands and capital investments, sustainable agriculture that is the best basis of alternative technique should be compulsorily taken up and practiced through the traditional farmers. Sustainable agriculture can be continued without any threat to our environment, soils, plants and animal communities. Extreme drainage of our energy and material resources can be significantly saved and protected while sustainable agriculture is intensively taken up through the farmers and practiced.  This can be acquired by

1. Keeping a healthy soil community that can automatically reproduce soil fertility by giving organic manures, increasing fallow periods, avoiding excessive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides.

2. Infusing bio-diversity in agriculture through sowing mixed crops, crop rotation etc.

3. The use of alternative food sources that might reduce overdependence to specific crops.

Men are exploiting just some species of crop plants as food and cultivate just approximately 15 species of plants like food crops to feed 90 % of the population of world. There are thousands of species of plants along with helpful and edible parts that can work as a food source for the persons. This will extend our resource base on food crops and add sustainability to supplies through dropping down the dependence on a few species. Examples - Winged bean that has high protein and oil. Leaves of Ilex paraguriensis that can be an option for tea and powdered seeds of Cola nitida in place of coffee.

Farmers have to be practice ‘organic farming’ that is why it will not disturb the ecosystem of the cultivable area and directs to sustainable yields at lower costs, both to the farmer and to nature.  Minerals, Chemicals, pesticides and insecticides are now categorized within non-renewable resource materials. Hence, in the long-term plan, these materials will build farming non-productive and non-sustainable. Shifting to original and extreme use of organic manure, rotation of leguminous/ nitrogen fixing crops, make use of VAM fungi, transgenic crop and application of bio fertilizer are being practiced and encouraged.

 

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