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  Simple fleshy fruits

Simple fleshy fruits:

In such fruits either the whole pericarp or portion of the pericarp is succulent and juicy whenever completely ripe. Generally the fruit wall might be differentiated into three layers: an external epicarp, a center mesocarp and an inner endocarp. As a common rule, the fleshy fruits are indehiscent.

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Figure: Simple fleshy fruits

Fleshy fruits are broadly classified into two forms, baccate and drupaceous. Baccate fruits are fleshy fruits with no hard portion except the seeds. Berry is an illustration for the initial category whereas drupe falls beneath the second form.

1. Berry:

It is of many seeded fruit. In this, the epicarp is thin, the mesocarp and endocarp stay undistinguished. They form a pulp in which the seeds are embedded. In such fruits, all portions comprising the epicarp with the seeds are edible, example: tomato.

2. Drupe:

This is generally a one-seeded fruit. In such fruits the pericarp is distinguished into an external skinny epicarp, a middle fleshy and juicy mesocarp and an internal hard and stony endocarp. Drupes are termed as stone fruits since of the stony hard endocarp. The endocarp bounds a single seed. The edible part of the fruit is the fleshy mesocarp, example: mango. In coconut, the mesocarp is fibrous; the edible portion is the endosperm.

3. Hesperidium: 

It is a type of baccate fruit which grows from a superior multi-carpellary and syncarpous ovary. The fruit wall is distinguished into three layers: an outer glandular skin or epicarp, a middle fibrous mesocarp, and an internal membranous endocarp. The latter classifies the fruit chamber into a number of compartments. The seeds occur on axial placentae and are enclosed by juicy hairs or outgrowths from the placentae that are edible.

This is a characteristic fruit of the genus Citrus (i.e., Fam. Rutaceae).

4. Pepo:

A large fleshy fruit growing from a syncarpous, tricarpellary, unilocular and inferior ovary with parietal placentation. The fruit contain many seeds with pulpy interior; example: Melon, Cucumber, Bottle gourd and so on.

5. Pome:

This is a fleshy and false fruit or Pseudocarp. It grows from a multi-carpellary syncarpous inferior ovary in which the receptacle also grows all along with the ovary to become fleshy covering the true fruit. The true fruit having seeds stay inside. The edible portion is fleshy thalamus. Example: Apple, Pear and so on.

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