Protoplast fusion:
Protoplasts are cells with no a cell wall but bound through a plasma membrane. The isolated protoplasts are totipotent. Due to this unique asset, plant protoplasts play an important role in the field of genetic engineering. Protoplast technology involves the culture, isolation, and fusion of higher plant protoplasts leading to the making of complete plants.
A hybrid generated through the fusion of somatic cells of two varieties (or) species is termed as somatic hybrid. This procedure of generating somatic hybrids is termed as somatic hybridization. The first step in somatic hybridization is the isolation of protoplast.
Isolation of protoplast:Protoplast can be isolated from a range of plant tissues by using either mechanical or enzymatic methods.
Mechanical method:In this technique, cells are kept in an appropriate plasmolyticum (protoplast shrink away from cell wall in a plasmolysed cell) and cut with a fine knife, that is why protoplasts are released from cells by the opening of the cell wall. This method provides poor yield of protoplast and it is being used seldom.
Enzymatic method:Leaves from a 10 week old plant are sterilized with 70 % alcohol and after that treating them with 2 % solution of sodium hypochlorite for 20 to 30 minutes. The leaves after that are washed with sterile water and consequent processes are completed within aseptic conditions (by using laminar air flow chamber). The lower epidermis of the leaf is peeled off and the leaf is cut into small fragments. The protoplasts are isolated from the peeled leaf segments. For isolation of protoplast, peeled leaf segments are positioned with their lower surface down in a petridishes consisting of the enzyme mixture that contains 0.5 % macerozyme, 2 % cellulase in 13% sorbitol or mannitol at pH 5.4. At last the protoplasts are released and are maintained in the isotonic solution.
Diagram: Protoplasmic fusion
Latest technology based Biology Online Tutoring Assistance
Tutors, at the www.tutorsglobe.com, take pledge to provide full satisfaction and assurance in Protoplast fusion homework help via online tutoring. Students are getting 100% satisfaction by online tutors across the globe. Here you can get homework help for Protoplast fusion, project ideas and tutorials. We provide email based Protoplast fusion homework help. You can join us to ask queries 24x7 with live, experienced and qualified online tutors specialized in Protoplast fusion. Through Online Tutoring, you would be able to complete your homework or assignments at your home. Tutors at the TutorsGlobe are committed to provide the best quality online tutoring assistance for Biology homework help and assignment help services. They use their experience, as they have solved thousands of the Biology assignments, which may help you to solve your complex issues of Protoplast fusion. TutorsGlobe assure for the best quality compliance to your homework. Compromise with quality is not in our dictionary. If we feel that we are not able to provide the homework help as per the deadline or given instruction by the student, we refund the money of the student without any delay.
tutorsglobe.com super conductors assignment help-homework help by online solid state chemistry tutors
alkenes tutorial all along with the key concepts of classification of alkenes, structure of monoenes and dienes, physical properties, spectral properties, preparation of alkenes, dehydrohalogenation of alkyl halides, dehydration of alcohols, wittig reaction
Positive Feedback tutorial all along with the key concepts of Nyquist Criterion, Gain and Phase Margins, stability of feedback amplifier, Nyquist criterion for stability, Nyquist curve, Barkhausen criterion for oscillation
tutorsglobe.com recycling of waste assignment help-homework help by online air pollution tutors
The characteristics of activity relies costing - It enhances the traceability of the overhead costs that results in more precise unit cost data for management.
tutorsglobe.com antigen processing assignment help-homework help by online carrier tutors
www.tutorsglobe.com offers free assignment help for vogel’s approximation method, unit cost penalty method, operation research subject.
one of the very much significant operations in winding an armature is to lace the coil leads in the proper commutator bars.
Theory and lecture notes of One Shot Game all along with the key concepts of one shot game, Strategic Form, Eliminating Dominated Strategies. Tutorsglobe offers homework help, assignment help and tutor’s assistance on One Shot Game.
Historical Viewpoint tutorial all along with the key concepts of Histories of Cells Discoveries, Bridge between Life and Non-life, Protoplasmic Constituents and The Neuron Theory
The temperature is not regulated in non-automatic type. The user itself has to switch ON or OFF the iron according to the heat requirement.
www.tutorsglobe.com offers functional group reactions in organic chemistry homework help, functional group reactions assignment help, online tutoring assistance, organic chemistry solutions by online qualified tutors help.
Electrodynamics Assignment Help service is available 24x7 to resolve your queries at low prices and to secure notable grades.
the third generation computers were come into existence in the year 1964. they employed integrated circuits (ics) in it.
Mechanisms in Addition Chain-growth Polymerization tutorial all along with the key concepts of Cationic addition, Radical addition, Anionic addition, chain transfer reaction, chain shift reaction
1948430
Questions Asked
3689
Tutors
1489954
Questions Answered
Start Excelling in your courses, Ask an Expert and get answers for your homework and assignments!!