Negative Interactions:
These comprise the relations, in which one or both the species are injured in any way during their life period. Some (Clarke, 1954) favor to call such kinds of associations as ‘antagonism’. These negative interactions are usually categorized into three wide categories, as exploitation, antibiosis and competition that are illustrated below:
Exploitation:
In this, one species harms the other by making its direct or indirect utilization for support shelter, or food. Therefore exploitation might be in respect of shelter or food.
1. Shelter:
The so-called ‘parasitic birds’ as cuckoo and cowbird never make their own nests and female lays eggs in the nest set up by birds of another generally smaller species.
2. Food:
The different relationships in respect of food might belong to:
a) Parasitism:
A parasite is an organism living on or in the body of the other organism and deriving its food more or less enduringly from its tissues.
There are certain parasitic vascular plants. Species of Cuscuta (net stem parasites) grow on another plant on which they depend for nourishment. The young stem twines about the host stem from which adventitious roots build up that lastly penetrate the stem of the host, establishing relationship with its conducting elements. The specialized roots are termed as haustoria.
The other illustrations of such association are total root parasites as Orabanche, and Epifagus (i.e., Orobanchaceae) that are found on roots of higher plants. Rafflesia is found on the roots of Vitis. Members of the family Loranthaceae (i.e., Viscum album, Loranthus sp) are partial stem parasites. They grow up rooted in branches of the host trees. Others such as Santalum album are partial root parasite. Their roots are joined to host plants. The majority of parasites are microorganisms, of which mycoplasmas, fungi, bacteria, rickettsias and viruses parasitise plants and also animals.b) Carnivorous Plants:
A number of plants like Nepenthes, Drosera, Utricularia, Darlingtonia, and Dionaea use insects and other small animals for their foods. They are also termed as insectivorous plants. They are adapted in remarkable manners to attract, catch and digest their victims. Their leaves or foliar appendages generate proteolytic enzymes for the digestion of insects. The carnivorous habit in plants is stated to be an incidental feature of their nutrition, as they possess green leaves and carry out photosynthesis.
Latest technology based Biology Online Tutoring Assistance
Tutors, at the www.tutorsglobe.com, take pledge to provide full satisfaction and assurance in Environmental Biology homework help via online tutoring. Students are getting 100% satisfaction by online tutors across the globe. Here you can get homework help for Environmental Biology, project ideas and tutorials. We provide email based Environmental Biology homework help. You can join us to ask queries 24x7 with live, experienced and qualified online tutors specialized in Environmental Biology. Through Online Tutoring, you would be able to complete your homework or assignments at your home. Tutors at the TutorsGlobe are committed to provide the best quality online tutoring assistance for Biology homework help and assignment help services. They use their experience, as they have solved thousands of the Biology assignments, which may help you to solve your complex issues of Environmental Biology. TutorsGlobe assure for the best quality compliance to your homework. Compromise with quality is not in our dictionary. If we feel that we are not able to provide the homework help as per the deadline or given instruction by the student, we refund the money of the student without any delay.
The term overhead involves factory overheads, office overheads and selling and distribution overheads.
Generally ‘operating activities’ give positive cash flows, that is, they assist to raise the business’s cash resources.
a multivibrator is other type of relaxation oscillator that uses two amplifier stages, in which the output o one is coupled to the input of another.
www.tutorsglobe.com offers construction of financial statements answering questions, construction of financial statements homework help, construction of financial statements assignment help, accounting solutions by tutors help.
Storing of Materials - Through the purchase department, the material purchased is sent to stores before it is issued for production. So storing of material can be termed as an intermediate step in the material control.
tutorsglobe.com termination of polypeptide chain assignment help-homework help by online protein translation tutors
Natural gas treatment processes tutorial all along with the key concepts of Acid Gas Treatment, Physical Absorption, Physical Adsorption, Chemical Absorption, Natural Gas Liquid, Liquefied Natural Gas, Properties of Natural Gas and Gas Hydrates
tutorsglobe.com viruses and cancer assignment help-homework help by online viruses tutors
Theory and lecture notes of Creating Grouped Frequency Distributions all along with the key concepts of Lists and Statistics, STATS Key, STAT-EDIT, STAT-CALC, LIST Key, LIST-OPS, LIST-MATH. Tutorsglobe offers homework help, assignment help and tutor’s assistance on Creating Grouped Frequency Distributions.
Theory and lecture notes of Systems of Inequalities all along with the key concepts of Graph of an Inequality, Sketching an Inequality in Two Variables, Solving a System of Inequalities and Determining the System from Graph. Tutorsglobe offers homework help, assignment help and tutor’s assistance on ystems of Inequalities.
Oxidation-reduction reactions tutorial all along with the key concepts of Theory, Oxidizing and reducing agents, Balancing redox equations, The oxidation state method
the working of hair dryer is very much simple and most of its mechanisms revolve around its fan. while the dryer is switched on, the electricity travels to the windings of the motor of the fan.
Theory of Unimolecular Reactions tutorial all along with the key concepts of Theories of Reaction Rates, Collision Theory and Activated Complex Theory
LC Oscillators tutorial all along with the key concepts of Time Domain Solution, Resonance Effect, Series LC Circuit, Impedance, Parallel LC Circuit, Applications of Resonance Effect, LC OR Oscillatory Circuit, Frequency Stability of Oscillator
tutorsglobe.com dihybrid cross assignment help-homework help by online crossing techniques tutors
1944610
Questions Asked
3689
Tutors
1493191
Questions Answered
Start Excelling in your courses, Ask an Expert and get answers for your homework and assignments!!