Gene transfer in plants

Gene transfer in plants:

A soil inhabiting bacterium and has Ti (tumor inducing) plasmid is called Agrobacterium tumefaciens. This bacterium invades crops like sunflower, tomato, brinjal and cotton and causes crown gall disease that is in the type of tumerous growth. The Ti plasmid taken through the pathogenic bacterium originator of tumours. For efficient cloning of foreign genes through the plant cells, and for introduction of genes into plant system, Agrobacterium strains are changed through the removal of tumour – inducing genes from the bacterium. T–DNA is the part of Ti plasmid transmitted into plant cell DNA. The T–DNA that holds the wanted foreign gene later than the splicing is introduced into the plant cell. The bacterial plasmids do not generate tumerous growth because the gene had been deleted. Once the T–DNA together with the spliced gene is introduced, it joints with the chromosome of the donor cell in which it generates copies of itself, by migrating from one chromosomal position to another.

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                                                              Diagram:  Gene transfer in plants


By tissue culture methods, such types of plant cells are cultured induced to multiply and differentiate to create into plantlets.  The plantlets are transplanted to soil in which they are permitted to express the foreign gene introduced into them while they multiply and grow in larger population.

 

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