Proteins

Proteins:

All the main tasks of the plasma membrane are executed through the proteins available in the membrane. Proteins account for approximately from 20 to 70% of the membrane depending upon the type of the cell. They can be categorized into two types.

1. Integral membrane proteins and
2. Peripheral membrane proteins.
 
Integral Proteins:

A number of the membrane proteins are strongly embedded in the membrane and they cannot be isolated except, the membrane is disintegrated. They are known as Integral/Intrinsic membrane proteins. They are sub categorized into two: (a) Transmembrane proteins: It traverse (pass through)/span the membrane. These proteins will comprise domains on either side of the membrane. Several cell surface receptors related to this class. (b) Lipid anchored proteins: These proteins are exists either on the cytosolic side or on the extracytosolic side. In the membrane they insert themselves by a lipid (acyl chain) connected to the N terminal end.

Transmembrane proteins are of two kinds. They are: Single pass transmembrane proteins which traverse (pass through) the membrane only once.

1602_single pass transmembrane.jpg

                                                           Diagram: Single pass transmembrane Protein

Multipass transmembrane proteins which traverse (pass through) the membrane more than once.

155_multipass membrane.jpg


  

                                                         Diagram: Multipass transmembrane Protein

Peripheral Proteins
:

Those proteins which are exists on the surface of the membrane are known as peripheral proteins. They can be simply isolated from the membrane. For example- spectrin that available in the RBC membrane.

 

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