Conversion of Acetyl CoA

Conversion of Acetyl CoA to Malonyl CoA:

In the cytoplasm acetyl - CoA is carboxylated in the existence of acetyl CoA carboxylase, a vitamin Biotin consisting of enzyme that assists in carbondioxide fixation. In the fatty acid biosynthesis Acetyl CoA carboxylase is the regulatory enzyme.

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Conversion of malonyl CoA to palmitic acid:

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                                                            Diagram: Biosynthesis of palmitic acid
 
The malonyl CoA is transformed to palmitic acid via various steps and each of these steps are catalysed through dissimilar enzymes of fatty acid synthetase complex.

Acetyl CoA and malonyl CoA condenses to create butyryl-ACP with the creation of intermediates. This cycle repeats itself again and again for 6 times and in every cycle two carbon atoms (malonyl CoA) is added to butyryl ACP, finally resulting in the creation of palmitoyl CoA, and a 16 carbon molecule.

 

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