Biosynthesis of fatty acids

Biosynthesis of fatty acids:

1. Biosynthesis of fatty acids takes place in each organism and in mammals it takes place mainly in mammary glands, adipose tissue, and liver.

2. Fatty acid synthesis occurs within the cytosol in two steps.

  • Medium chain fatty acids’ creation of chain length 16 carbon atoms.
  • Lengthening of such carbon chain in microsomes for larger fatty acids.


3. Acetyl CoA works like a source of carbon atoms for saturated also unsaturated fatty acids. Acetyl CoA can be created from excessive glucogenic amino acids (amino acids that can be converted to glucose) and dietary glucose. Carbohydrates and aminoacids in the existence of oxygen is transformed to pyruvate that in turn can be transformed to acetyl CoA.

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 The fatty acids’ synthesis from acetyl CoA occurs along with aid of a multi-enzyme complex known as fatty acid synthetase complex. Palmitic acid is the main product of the fatty acids synthetase complex mediated reaction and therefore it is as well known as palmitate synthetase. It is a dimer along with two similar subunits that is subunit-1 and subunit-2 that arranged in a head to tail fashion. Every monomer of this enzyme complex consists of seven enzymes; of these, each one of this is assigned a specific function.

 

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