Antigenicity

Factors influencing the antigenicity of antigens:

Antigen must be a foreign substance as much foreign the substance, the more immunogenic in nature. Though the following factors can also affect it,

1) The antigenic response that is pointed out by the quantum of antibody created in response to antigenic stimulation varies relies on the dosage of antigen administered, route of administration and make use of adjuvant etc.

2) Molecular weight of the antigen influence the antigenicity as low molecular antigens can only combine along with the antibody (hapten)

3) Extremely low molecular weight substance cannot work as an antigen. Due to this the virus that has the very low molecular weight proteins escapes the immune response.

4) Extremely large molecular antigen directly induces the B cell differentiation without the involvement of T Cells.

5) Degradability is necessary like in the antigen presenting cells process the antigen through degrading them and processed peptide antigen together with the MHC II molecule presented to the T cells and such types of antigens are called T dependent antigen.

6) Antigen induced antibody response can be suppressed through administrating the antibody passively either prior to or shortly after administration of antigen (This is used for the treatment of Rh antigen induced antibody in the mother leading to Erythroblastosis fetalis).

 

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