Nondeterministic pushdown automat (NPDA):
Definition NPDA: M= (Q, A, B, f, q0, F) or M= (Q, A, B, f, q0) in the version ‘accept by empty stack’
Q, A, B, q0, F similar as above, however the transition function is different: f: Q x Aε x Bε -> 2QxB*
Notice: The non-deterministic PDAs are much powerful acceptors than the deterministic PDAs.
Example: The 2-state NPDA M accepts (through empty stack) even palindromes, L0 = {w wreverse | w ∈ {0, 1}*}.
p, 0, ε -> p, 0 ; p, 1, ε -> p, 1 (p supposes M is still reading the first half of input string)
p, ε, ε -> q, ε (non-deterministic guess of midpoint)
q, 0, 0 -> q, ε, q, 1, 1 -> q, ε (q supposes M is reading the second half of the input string).
A) ∀ wwreverse, w ∈ {0, 1}*, ∃ a sequence of transitions driven by the wwreverse that outcomes in an empty stack.
B) ∀ z ≠ wwreverse, no sequence of the transitions driven by z outcomes in an empty stack.
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