Why heat causes matter to expand
What is the reason that heat causes matter to expand? Briefly explain it.
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Water contracts as it cools, similar to all other liquids, until it reaches a temperature of around 4 degrees Celsius, at which the point it expands and starts to form into crystals, expanding around 9 percent.
Spin-orbit effect: The effect that causes atomic energy levels to be split since electrons contain intrinsic angular momentum (that is spin) in summation to their extrinsic orbital angular momentum.
Gaia hypothesis (J. Lovelock, 1969): The thought that the Earth as an entire must be regarded as a living organism and that biological procedures stabilize the atmosphere.
1. Solve Laplace's equation for the electrical potential between two infinite parallel plates, which have a charge density per unit area -on one plate and a charge density per unit area -! on the second plate, and determine the electric field between the plates from t
Kerr effect (J. Kerr; 1875): The capability of certain substances to refract light waves in a different way whose vibrations are in dissimilar directions whenever the substance is located in an electric field.
Meissner effect (W. Meissner; 1933): The reduction of the magnetic flux in a superconducting metal whenever it is cooled beneath the transition temperature. That is the superconducting materials imitate magnetic fields.
What do you mean by the term wave fronts? Explain in short.
Describe the procedure how radiation emitted from the body? Illustrate in brief.
Le Chatelier's principle (H. Le Chatelier; 1888): When a system is in equilibrium, then any modification imposed on the system tends to shift the equilibrium state to decrease the consequence of that applied change.
NUCLEAR PHYSICS (PHY555) HOMEWORK #1 1. Calculate the luminosity for a beam of protons of 1 µA colliding with a stationary liquid hydrogen target 30 cm long. Compare this to a typical colliding beam luminosity of ∼1034 cm-2
Balmer series (J. Balmer; 1885): An equation that explains the emission spectrum of hydrogen whenever an electron is jumping to the next orbital; four of the lines are in visible spectrum, and the remainder (residue) are in the ultraviolet.
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