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Who Issues Certificates and how

Who Issues Certificates and How?

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Certificates are issued by a certifying authority (abbreviated as CA), that can be any trusted central administration willing to vouch for identities of those to whom it issues certificates and their relationship with a given key. The company might issue certificates to its employees, a university to its students, and a town to its citizens. In order to save forged certificates, the CA's public key should be reliable: a CA should either publicize its public key or give a certificate from a higher-level CA attesting to the validity of its public key. The later solution offers rise to hierarchies of CAs.

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