Who firstly discovered mathematical theory for random walks
Who firstly discovered mathematical theory for random walks, that rediscovered later by Einstein?
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A mathematical theory is developed by Louis Bachelier, for random walks. This theory rediscovered later by Einstein also.
How can we say that the pair (G, o) is a group. Explain the properties which proof it.
Specify the important properties for the polynomial.
Area Functions 1. (a) Draw the line y = 2t + 1 and use geometry to find the area under this line, above the t - axis, and between the vertical lines t = 1 and t = 3. (b) If x > 1, let A(x) be the area of the region that lies under the line y = 2t + 1 between t
Explain lognormal stochastic differential equation for evolution of an asset.
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It's a problem set, they are attached. it's related to Sider's book which is "Logic to philosophy" I attached the book too. I need it on feb22 but feb23 still work
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The focus is on the use of Datalog for defining properties and queries on graphs. (a) Assume that P is some property of graphs definable in the Datalog. Show that P is preserved beneath extensions and homomo
Explain a rigorous theory for Brownian motion developed by Wiener Norbert.
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