What are the most widely meted barriers

What are the most widely meted barriers that entry candidates must hurdle?

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A second factor worries whether the expected entry candidates face low or high entry barriers. The most widely meted barriers that entry candidates must hurdle include:

a. The attendance of sizable economies of scale in the production or other fields of operation – When incumbent organizations enjoy cost benefits associated with large-scale operation, outsiders must either go in on a large scale or receive a cost disadvantage and therefore lower profitability.

b. Resource and cost drawbacks not linked to size – Existing firms may have modest unit costs as a result of the experience or learning-curve effects, key patents, and partnerships with the finest and cheapest suppliers of components and raw materials, proprietary technology recognize-how not readily available to newcomers, favorable locations, and modest fixed costs.

c. Brand preferences and consumer loyalty – In some industries, buyers are strongly linked to set upped brands.

d. Capital needs, the larger the total dollar investment required to enter the market effectively, the more limited the pool of the potential entrants.

e. Access to distribution channels – In customer goods industries, a potential entrant may countenance the barrier of gaining adequate access to the customers.

f. Regulatory policies, Government agencies can bound or even bar entry by requiring patents and licenses.

g. Tariffs and international trade restrictions, National governments generally use tariffs and trade restrictions to raise entry barriers for outsider firms and defend domestic producers from outside competition.

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