--%>

The COBOL ALTER statement

Task 3

Explain the effect of the following pictures:

05 FIELD-1 PIC Z(5)9.

05 FIELD-2 PIC £(5)9.99.

05 FIELD-3 PIC £**,***.99.

05 FIELD-4 PIC £££,££9.99DB.

05 FIELD-5 PIC ZZZZ9+.

by showing the output that will be produced if each if the following values is moved to each of the above data-items:

12345678

0.2566

-180

 

Task 4

There are many errors in the following COBOL source code. Identify the errors and rewrite the program so that it contains no errors:

IDENTIFICATION DIVISION

PROGRAMID. ERRORS-EXAMPLE.

DATA DIVISION

77 ITEM-DESC PIC X20.

77 ITEM COST PIC 999V99.

77 VAT 999V99.

77 TOTAL PIC 999V99.

PROCEDURE-DIVISION.

BILL-SEQ

MOVE 0 TO TOTAL.

         INPUT ITEM-DESC

         INPUT ITEM-COST.

INPUT-ITER.

         IF ITEM-COST = 0 GOTO INPUT-END

                  ADD ITEM-COST TO TOTAL

                  ACCEPT ITEM-DESC

                  ACCEPT ITEM-COST

                  GO TO INPUT ITER.

         VAT = 0.15 X TOTAL

         ADD VAT TO TOTAL

         DISPLAY OUTPUT TOTAL

         STOP-RUN.

BILL-END

 

Task 5

The following data structure appears in a COBOL program used by a bureau de change:

01 AUXILAIRY-ITEMS.

         05 AMOUNT-REQUIRED PIC999V99.

         05 SUCCESS-INDICATOR PIC 9.

         88 SUCCESS VALUE 1.

01 CURRENCY-TABLE.

         05 CURRENCY-RATE OCCURS 50 TIMES.

                  10 CURRENCY-CODE PIC AAA.

                  10 CURRENCY-RATE PIC 9(5)V9999.

         05 NUMBER-OF-CURRENCIES PIC 99.

Various foreign currencies are given ISO-standard three-letter codes (CURRENCY-CODE) and these are stored in the table (array) CURRENCY-TABLE together with the corresponding exchange rate (CURRENCY-RATE). The exchange rate is expressed as the amount of the foreign currency purchased for one pound (GBP).

The currencies are stored in elements 1 to NUMBER-OF-CURRENCIESof the table.

Assuming that all the relevant data items have been correctly initialised, write fragments of COBOL for each of the following tasks. In each case set the value of SUCCESS-INDICATOR such that the condition-name SUCCESS has the appropriate value after the operation.

i)       Update the exchange rate for "PLN" TO 4.637.

ii)      Look up the currency rate for "EUR" and calculate the (rounded) amount of this currency that corresponds to the value of AMOUNT-REQUIRED.

iii)      Add a new currency to the table with the value "KWD" and the exchange rate 0.4488.

 

Task 6

The COBOL ALTER statement was removed from the language after early versions. Briefly explain what the ALTER statement was and discuss why you think it was removed from the language.

   Related Questions in Programming Languages

  • Q : Define the term Multiprogramming system

    Define the term Multiprogramming system: It is an operating system which is able to run multiple programs parallel.

  • Q : Use of private Q. Explain the use of

    Q. Explain the use of private, public, protected access specifies.  

  • Q : What is an Unchecked exception

    Unchecked exception: An exception for which it is not needed to give a local try statement or to propagate through a throws clause stated in the method header. An exception which is not handled will cause program annihilation when it is thrown.

  • Q : What is Bridging method Bridging method

    Bridging method: A method which offers a bridge between methods of a class's public interface and its private implementation. Bridging methods will usually contain non-public visibility.

  • Q : Define the need of process relative

    Define the need of process relative handles.

  • Q : What is SLAM SLAM is a Microsoft

    SLAM is a Microsoft project that blurs the line between static analysis and model checking and deductive reasoning. The main goal of SLAM is to check temporal safety properties of C programs (it actually checks that a program correctly uses the interf

  • Q : Define Stream class Stream class : An

    Stream class: An input stream class is one which delivers data from its source (frequently the file system as a series of bytes. Likewise, an output stream class will write byte-level data. The stream classes must be contrasted with the operation of r

  • Q : Define Deprecated Deprecated : Somewhat

    Deprecated: Somewhat that has been made superseded by later on versions of the API. Deprecated methods must not be employed as there is no guarantee that they will carry on to subsist in the future versions.

  • Q : What is Pop-up menu Pop-up menu : A

    Pop-up menu: A menu of actions which is generally not visible on the screen till a mouse button is clicked. The Popup menus assist to keep a user interface from becoming cluttered.

  • Q : Explain Upcast Upcast: It is a cast

    Upcast: It is a cast towards an object's ultimate super type - which is, `up' the inheritance hierarchy towards the Object class, for example:         // Upcast from VariableContr