--%>

The COBOL ALTER statement

Task 3

Explain the effect of the following pictures:

05 FIELD-1 PIC Z(5)9.

05 FIELD-2 PIC £(5)9.99.

05 FIELD-3 PIC £**,***.99.

05 FIELD-4 PIC £££,££9.99DB.

05 FIELD-5 PIC ZZZZ9+.

by showing the output that will be produced if each if the following values is moved to each of the above data-items:

12345678

0.2566

-180

 

Task 4

There are many errors in the following COBOL source code. Identify the errors and rewrite the program so that it contains no errors:

IDENTIFICATION DIVISION

PROGRAMID. ERRORS-EXAMPLE.

DATA DIVISION

77 ITEM-DESC PIC X20.

77 ITEM COST PIC 999V99.

77 VAT 999V99.

77 TOTAL PIC 999V99.

PROCEDURE-DIVISION.

BILL-SEQ

MOVE 0 TO TOTAL.

         INPUT ITEM-DESC

         INPUT ITEM-COST.

INPUT-ITER.

         IF ITEM-COST = 0 GOTO INPUT-END

                  ADD ITEM-COST TO TOTAL

                  ACCEPT ITEM-DESC

                  ACCEPT ITEM-COST

                  GO TO INPUT ITER.

         VAT = 0.15 X TOTAL

         ADD VAT TO TOTAL

         DISPLAY OUTPUT TOTAL

         STOP-RUN.

BILL-END

 

Task 5

The following data structure appears in a COBOL program used by a bureau de change:

01 AUXILAIRY-ITEMS.

         05 AMOUNT-REQUIRED PIC999V99.

         05 SUCCESS-INDICATOR PIC 9.

         88 SUCCESS VALUE 1.

01 CURRENCY-TABLE.

         05 CURRENCY-RATE OCCURS 50 TIMES.

                  10 CURRENCY-CODE PIC AAA.

                  10 CURRENCY-RATE PIC 9(5)V9999.

         05 NUMBER-OF-CURRENCIES PIC 99.

Various foreign currencies are given ISO-standard three-letter codes (CURRENCY-CODE) and these are stored in the table (array) CURRENCY-TABLE together with the corresponding exchange rate (CURRENCY-RATE). The exchange rate is expressed as the amount of the foreign currency purchased for one pound (GBP).

The currencies are stored in elements 1 to NUMBER-OF-CURRENCIESof the table.

Assuming that all the relevant data items have been correctly initialised, write fragments of COBOL for each of the following tasks. In each case set the value of SUCCESS-INDICATOR such that the condition-name SUCCESS has the appropriate value after the operation.

i)       Update the exchange rate for "PLN" TO 4.637.

ii)      Look up the currency rate for "EUR" and calculate the (rounded) amount of this currency that corresponds to the value of AMOUNT-REQUIRED.

iii)      Add a new currency to the table with the value "KWD" and the exchange rate 0.4488.

 

Task 6

The COBOL ALTER statement was removed from the language after early versions. Briefly explain what the ALTER statement was and discuss why you think it was removed from the language.

   Related Questions in Programming Languages

  • Q : Explain Message passing Message passing

    Message passing: We characterize the object interactions as message passing. The client object sends a message to a server object by invoking a technique from the server's class. Arguments might be passed with the message, and a outcome is returned by

  • Q : Explain Method overloading Method

    Method overloading: Two or more techniques with similar name stated within a class are said to be overloaded. This exerts to both constructors and other methods. The overloading applies via a class hierarchy, thus a sub class may overload a method sta

  • Q : What is Memory leak Memory leak : It is

    Memory leak: It is a situation in which memory which is no longer being employed has not been returned to the pool of free memory. The garbage collector is designed to return unreferenced objects to the free memory pool in order to shun memory leaks.<

  • Q : Define the term Runtime error Define

    Define the term Runtime error: It is an error which causes a program to finish whenever it is being run.

  • Q : Define Anonymous object Anonymous

    Anonymous object: An object formed without an identifier. They are generally formed as array elements, actual arguments or method outcomes. For example:     private Point[] vertices = { &n

  • Q : Explain the way to initialize contents

    Explain the way to initialize contents of a dialog.

  • Q : Special set of tags in PHP Normal 0

    Normal 0 false false

  • Q : Program is prone to deadlock when

      Give a brief introduction about the operation of your program and show that you understand the idea behind threads and mutual exclusion variable. Why do we need to use mutual exclusion to control the access of the three global variables? What is the potential p

  • Q : Explain the way to close an XHTML

    Explain the way to close an XHTML element.

  • Q : Define the term XQuery Define the term

    Define the term XQuery?