Structure of a DNA molecule
Elaborate the structure of a DNA molecule?
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The molecule of a DNA is double-stranded. The molecule takes the shape of a double helix. The DNA molecule has two complementary strands oriented in an anti-parallel fashion. All strand is made up of nucleotides. A nucleotide has a base (a purine or pyrimidine), a sugar (between the other two components) called deoxyribose, and a phosphate group. Nucleotides are connected to each other with phosphodiester bonds, creating a sugar-phosphate backbone to each strand. Base of each nucleotide projects into an interior cavity of helix. Every base is opposite other base: adenine (a purine) is every time paired with the thymine (a pyrimidine), and the guanine (purine) with the cytosine (pyrimidine); this phenomenon is known as complementary base pairing. Every nucleotide forms hydrogen bonds with its complementary base on another strand. Two hydrogen bonds form among adenine and thymine; three hydrogen bonds form between guanine and cytosine.
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