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Macroeconomics-fiscal and monetary policies

1) How can governments seek to control their national economies through fiscal and monetary policies?

2) What are the causes of the fiscal deficits experienced by many developed nations in the past three years and what are the main effects of the resulting government borrowing? For example – Greece/Ireland/Portugal/Spain situation and the large deficits experienced by the USA and UK. Also include causes of deficits and main effects. Support with Pie charts and graphs.

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