Formal logic
It's a problem set, they are attached. it's related to Sider's book which is "Logic to philosophy" I attached the book too. I need it on feb22 but feb23 still work
i want you to solve this assignment. this consist of two parts theoretical and coding. the code has to be created by you. no modified or copying code. you have to mention the exact solution and the proportion error. also you have to explain the sketch that you get from the code. these information
Let (G; o) be a group. Then the identity of the group is unique and each element of the group has a unique inverse.In this proof, we will argue completely formally, including all the parentheses and all the occurrences of the group operation o. As we proce
Explain lognormal stochastic differential equation for evolution of an asset.
Explain trading of call options.
How can we say that the pair (G, o) is a group. Explain the properties which proof it.
complete assignment with clear solution and explanation
Consider the unary relational symbols P and L, and the binary relational symbol On, where P(a) and I(a) encode that a is apoint and a (sraight) line in the 2-dimensional space, respectively, while On(a,b) encodes that a is a point, b is a line, and o lies on b.
Who developed a rigorous theory for Brownian motion?
AB Department Store expects to generate the following sales figures for the next three months:
Prime number theorem: A big deal is known about the distribution of prime numbers and of the prime factors of a typical number. Most of the mathematics, although, is deep: while the results are often not too hard to state, the proofs are often diffic
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