--%>
Assignment Help - homework help

Explain Product Market Equilibrium.

To begin with, let us recall our three-sector product-market equilibrium model given as 

C + I + G = C + S + T

To this three-sector model, we now add the foreign trade-the exports (X) and imports (M). with the addition of X and M, the four-sector product-market equilibrium condition is written as 

C + I + G + (X - M) = C + S + T 

The variables X and M need some explanation and quantification exports (X) of a country depend on a variety of factors governing the foreign demand for its goods and services. The inclusion of foreign demand parameters in the domestic model of a country is neither an easy task nor a necessity for a simplified model. Therefore, X is assumed to be a constant factor, that is,

X = X

As regards imports, imports (m) of a country are a function of a number of factors, however, for the sake of analytical simplicity; imports are treated as the function the country's national income(Y). That is import function takes the following form

M = + mY

Where, M is autonomous import and m is marginal propensity to import, the proportion of marginal national income spent on imports.

With X and M defined, the four- sector product-market equilibrium condition given in can be rewritten as 

C+ I + G + X - M - mY = Y = C + S + T 

The product-market equilibrium condition can also be expressed as 

Y = C + I + G + X - M - mY

Where C = a + by d( where Yd = Y - T = disposable income)

S = - a + (I - B) y (where I - B = mps)

I = I - Hi (where h > 0) 

G = G, (where G is constant)

T =T + t y, (where T is constant tax and t is tax rate <1)

By substituting the equilibrium level of income can be expressed as

Y = a + b [Y - (T + t Y)] + I - hi + G +X - M - my

=a + by - b t - bty + I - hi + G + X - M - my 

Y = 1 / 1-b+ bt + m (a - b T + I - hi + G + X - M

Y = 1 / 1 - b (1 - t) +m (a - b T + I - hi + G + X - m 

Note that the term 1/ (1 - b + bt + m) is tax-trade multiplier which may be redesignated as mu. Also let us designate the sum of the five constants, viz a, i. G, X, and M as A. by substitution these value 

Y = mu (a - b T - hi)

(Where mu is tax-trade multiplier and A = a + I + G + X - M)

Equation  gives the aggregate demand (AD) function in a four-sector model. 

   Related Questions in Macroeconomics

  • Q : Normative macroeconomic policy

    Widely accepted normative macroeconomic policy objectives include: (w) full employment and economic development. (x) allocative, productive, and distributive efficiency. (y) maximum freedom and economic profits. (z) job security and equality within th

    		•
  • Q : Full-employment and Under-employment

    Distinguish between full-employment equilibrium and Under-employment equilibrium. Whenever equality among AD and AS is at full employment level it is termed as full employment equilibrium. Although whenever equali

    		•
  • Q : Purpose of Balance of Payment Meaning:

    Meaning: - as mentioned above, the balance of payments is a periodic accounting of international economic transactions. Each country having regular economic transactions with other countries prepares periodically the final accounts of their foreign receipts and paymen

    		•
  • Q : Redistribution of Income through budget

    Redistribution of Income: Each and every economy strives to achieve a society, where inequality of income and wealth must be minimum. In order to attain this objective via government budget the government spends adequate money on social security schem

    		•
  • Q : Value of total receipts of government

    Determine the value of total receipts of government budget when budget deficit is Rs 2,000 crores and the net expenses is Rs 3,000 crores.

    		•
  • Q : Price elasticity of demand for DVD games

    In this figure shown below, the price elasticity of demand for DVD games among prices of $30 and $40 is nearest to: (i) 7/6. (ii) 1/2. (iii) 3/7. (iv) 7/3. (v) 1/3.

    Q : Microeconomic and macroeconomic effects

    Predictions which restricting international trade to protect specific industries and “infant” firms would (a) inefficiently decrease aggregate output and employment, (b) raise the market power of the protected firms and their workers, and

    		•
  • Q : About macroeconomics Do you think that

    Do you think that macroeconomic policy should be designed to achieve a measured unemployment rate of zero? Why or why not should this be the case?

    		•
  • Q : Supply law and it's factors State the

    State the Law of supply and explain the factors that affecting supply of commodity

    		•
  • Q : Recovery of loans-capital receipt Why

    Why is recovery of loans taken as a capital receipt? Answer: Recovery of loans is always treated as a capital receipt since it leads to refuse in financial assets o

    		•