--%>

Explain preparation and properties of phosphorus trichloride

It may be prepared by the action of phosphorus on thionyl chloride.

P4 + 8SOCl2  816_Phosphorus trichloride.png  4OCl3 + 4SO2 + 2S2Cl2
    
Lab. Method: it is more conveniently prepared in the laboratory by heating white phosphorus in a current of dry chlorine when phosphorus trichloride distils over.

P4 + 6Cl2  816_Phosphorus trichloride.png  4PCl3

Phosphorus is gently heated in a retort on a water bath and current dry chlorine is passed. Phosphorus trichloride distils over and is collected in a receiver cooled in freezing mixture.

It is redistilled over white phosphorus to remove any phosphorus pentachloride present an impurity.

Properties

    
It is colourless fuming liquid.
    
It reacts violently with water forming phosphorus acid.

PCl3 + 3HOH  816_Phosphorus trichloride.png  H3PO3 + 3HCl
    
It reacts with concentrated H2SO4 forming chlorosulphonic acid.
    
1292_Phosphorus trichloride1.png 

Or, 2H2SO4 + PCl3  816_Phosphorus trichloride.png  HSO3Cl + HPO3 + SO2 + HCl
    
It reacts with organic compounds containing hydroxyl group.

2328_Phosphorus trichloride2.png 
    
It directly combines with Cl2, O2 and S. this indicates that it is an unsaturated compound.

PCl3 + Cl2  816_Phosphorus trichloride.png  PCl5

2PCl3 + O2  816_Phosphorus trichloride.png  2POCl3

PCl3 + S  816_Phosphorus trichloride.png  PSCl
3
    
It acts as a reducing agent.

PCl3 + SO2Cl2  816_Phosphorus trichloride.png  PCl5 + SO2

PCL3 + SO3  816_Phosphorus trichloride.png  POCL3 + SO2

3PCl3 + S2Cl2  816_Phosphorus trichloride.png  PCL5 + 2PSCl
3

It reacts with finely divided metals when hot.

12Ag + 4PCl3  816_Phosphorus trichloride.png  12AgCl + P4

6Na + PCl3  816_Phosphorus trichloride.png  3NaCl + Na2P

 

   Related Questions in Chemistry

  • Q : What is protein in Chemistry Illustrate

    Illustrate what is protein in Chemistry?

  • Q : Lowering of vapour pressure Help me to

    Help me to go through this problem. Lowering of vapour pressure is highest for: (a) urea (b) 0.1 M glucose (c) 0.1M MgSo4 (d) 0.1M BaCl2

  • Q : What is ortho effect? Orthosubstituted

    Orthosubstituted anilines are generally weaker bases than aniline irrespective of the electron releasing or electron withdrawing nature of the substituent. This is known as ortho effect and may probably be due to combined electronic and steric factors.The overall basic strength of ort

  • Q : Carnot cycle show how a mathematical

    show how a mathematical definition of entropy can be obtauined from a consideration of carnot cycle?

  • Q : Finding Normality Can someone please

    Can someone please help me in getting through this problem. Concentrated H2SO4 has a density of 1.98 gm/ml and is 98% H2SO4 by weight. The normality is: (a) 2 N  (b) 19.8 N  (c) 39.6 N  (d) 98

  • Q : Q what is the basicity of primary

    what is the basicity of primary secondary and tertiary amines in chlorobenzene

  • Q : Group Cations Explain how dissolving

    Explain how dissolving the Group IV carbonate precipitate with 6M CH3COOH, followed by the addition of extra acetic acid, establishes a buffer with a pH of approximately

  • Q : What are Vander Waal's Radii? Vander

    Vander Waal's radii can be assigned to the atoms of molecules on the basis of the closeness of approach of these atoms in crystalline substances. Diffraction studies of crystals give information about hoe molecules can approach each other and can pack

  • Q : Difference among hcl gas and hcl acid

    What is the basic difference among hcl gas and hcl acid? Briefly state the difference?

  • Q : Effect of addition of mercuric iodide

    Give me answer of this question. When mercuric iodide is added to the aqueous solution of potassium iodide, the:(a) Freezing point is raised (b) Freezing point is lowered (c) Freezing point does not change (d) Boiling point does not change