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Explain lognormal stochastic differential equation

Explain lognormal stochastic differential equation for evolution of an asset.

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One of the beginning points for typical derivatives theory is the lognormal stochastic differential equation for evolution of a certain asset. Itoˆ’s lemma defines the stochastic differential equation for value of an option on such asset. In mathematical terms, when we have a Wiener process X along with increments dX which are normally distributed along with mean zero and variance dt, in that case the increment of a function F(X) is specified by

dF = (dF/dX) dX + ½ (d2F/dX2) dt

It is a very loose dentition of Itˆ o’s lemma but it will suffice.

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