--%>

Explain Indenture

Explain the term Indenture and also describe their provisions?

E

Expert

Verified

The Indenture is a written agreement among issuer and creditors detailing words of borrowing. (As well act of trust). The indenture comprises the given provisions:

A) Bond terms:

Registered form – the ownership is recorded, payment prepared directly to owner
Bearer form – payment is prepared to holder (that is, bearer) of bond

B) Total face amount of bonds issued

C) The explanation of any property employed as security

•    Collateral – firmly speaking, pledged securities
•    Mortgage securities – protected by mortgage on genuine property
•    Debenture – an un protected debt with 10 or more years to the maturity
•    Note – a debenture with ten years or less maturity
•    Seniority – order of priority of claims

D) Subordinated debenture – of lower priority than the senior debt

E) The repayment arrangements:
Sinking fund – an account administered by the bond trustee for early on redemption

F) Any call provisions:

•    Call provision – Permits Company to “call” or re-purchase part or whole of issue
•    Call premium – amount by which the call price surpasses the par value
•    Deferred call – firm can’t call bonds for a designated period
•    Call protected – the explanation of a bond throughout the period it cannot be called

G) Any protective covenants:
•    Protective covenants – indenture conditions which restrict the actions of firms
•    Negative covenant – “thou shalt not” sell major assets, and so on.
•    Positive covenant – “thou shalt” keep working capital at or on top of $X, and so on.

   Related Questions in Corporate Finance

  • Q : Describe nominal gross domestic product

    Nominal gross domestic product: If GDP of a particular year is estimated on the base of price of similar year, it is termed as nominal GDP.

  • Q : Problem on arbitrage opportunity John

    John Chan considers purchasing a six-month stock futures contract on the shares of Li & Fung Limited. Shares of Li & Fung Limited are now presently trading at $50 per share and it is predicted that Li & Fung Limited will pay a dividend of $1 per share in o

  • Q : Discretion can distort results Discuss

    Discuss how management’s discretion in applying accounting rules can mislead investors. Provide three examples and how the discretion can distort results?

  • Q : Who explained market-neutral delta

    Who explained market-neutral delta hedging?

  • Q : Who wrote famous paper- distribution of

    Who wrote famous paper of on distribution of cotton price returns?

  • Q : Explain the definition of WACC An

    An investment bank computed my WACC. The report is as: “the definition of the WACC is defined as WACC = RF + βu (RM – RF); here RF being the risk-free rate and βu the unleveraged beta and RM the market risk rate.” It is differ from what we

  • Q : Problem on annual lease payments Taurus

    Taurus Corporation needs a computer, which it can buy for $100,000. Taurus will depreciate the computer uniformly over its useful life of 5 years. An investment tax credit of 7% is also available, and the computer will have no residual value. Taurus plans to borrow th

  • Q : Problem on optimal capital structure

    XYZ Company has debt/assets ratio 50%, that is too high and it must be at 45% to be optimal. This debt reduction must also reduce the bankruptcy costs by $30 million. At present, XYZ has 5 million shares of common stock selling at $50 each. The tax rate of XYZ is 30%.

  • Q : Which taxes do I have to use for

    Which taxes do I have to utilize when calculating Free Cash Flow (FCF) – is this the medium tax rate or the marginal tax rate of the leveraged company?

  • Q : Which data is the most suitable for

    Which data is the most suitable for finding betas?