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Expiration and inhalation

How are expiration and inhalation carried out?

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The diaphragm (limited of mammals) and the intercostal muscles can contract or calm down varying the volume of thorax (that is, the compartment where the lungs are situated). The changing of the thorax volume forces expiration or inhalation.

Whenever the thorax volume is raised an internal pressure lower than the atmospheric pressure (or external) is made and gases naturally enter the lungs. Whenever the thorax volume is lowered, the internal pressure increases above the external pressure and the air is debarred from the lungs.

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