Describe financial leverage and low operating leverage
Describe briefly high financial leverage, low operating leverage?
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Whenever financial leverage is high than fund is receives mainly through the preference shares, debts and debentures. This creates the base solid by keeping the operating leverage low on scale. The financial decision can be exploited as the management's disquiet can be earning per share that will favor the debt capital only. This will rise when the rate of interest on debentures is lower than rate of return in business. The decision is depended on earning per share devoid of any indication of the risks involved.
Explain the impact of external costs and external benefits on resource allocation
Difference between normal goods and inferior goods. Give illustration.
Elucidate state expenditures and receipts for all states in 1998?
The advocates of laissez-faire policies favor: (i) Govt. control of economy. (ii) Public ownership of all the resources. (iii) Income to be distributed according to requirement. (iv) Surpluses in the balance of trade. (v) Minimal govt. intervention in economy.
Briefly describe the term Benefit Cost Ratio (or B/C Ratio) or Profitability Index (or PI)?
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The new supply and demand curves within University City were S0 and D0, before the county commission imposed a $3 per six-pack excise tax upon beer. The new equilibrium quantities of six-packs sold per month and equilibrium prices, respectively,
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An important drawback of "traditional yield spread analysis" is the "failure to take into account future interest rate volatility that would affect the expected cash flow" of a fixed income security. How does option adjusted spread analysis correct for the "failure" of traditional yield spread analy
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