--%>
Assignment Help - homework help

Describe chemical properties of amines.

Like ammonia, primary, secondary and tertiary amines have a single pair of electrons on N atom. Hence chemical behavior of amines is similar to ammonia. Amines are basic in nature, and in most of the reactions they act as nucleophiles.

    
1. Reaction with acids

Amines react with aqueous solution of acids to form salts. These reactions hold the fundamental nature of amines.
203_amines2.png 

Salts of amine are typical ionic solids. They are non-volatile solids. On heating, these salts decompose before the melting point is reached. Amine salts are soluble in water while unsolvable in non-polar solvents. A water insoluble amine can be separated from non-basic compounds by its solubility in aqueous solutions of acids. From the aqueous solution, the amine can be regenerated by making it alkaline.
    
2. Reaction with metal ions

Lower aliphatic amines form coordination complexes with metal ions like Ag+ and Cu2+. For example, silver chloride dissolves in aqueous solution of ethylamine and copper sulphate forms a deep blue solution.
849_Amines3.png 

    
3. Reaction with alkyl halides (Alkylation)

Amines react with alkyl halides to form amines of higher class. In this reaction, the amine acts as nucleophile bringing about nucleophilic substitution of alkyl halide.
562_Amines4.png 

Since in this reaction hydrogen atoms attached to nitrogen in amines is referred to as alkylation of amines.
556_Amines5.png 

Aromatic amines also undergo similar reaction. For example, when aniline is treated with excess of methyl iodide under pressure, mixture of secondary, tertiary amines and quaternary salt are formed.

 

 

 

 

 

 

   Related Questions in Chemistry

  • Q : Molecular weight of solute Select right

    Select right answer of the question. A dry air is passed through the solution, containing the 10 gm of solute and 90 gm of water and then it pass through pure water. There is the depression in weight of solution wt by 2.5 gm and in weight of pure solvent by 0.05 gm. C

    		•
  • Q : Explain Photoelectron Spectroscopy. The

    The energies of both the outer and inner orbitals of atoms and molecules can be determined by photoelectron spectroscopy.Energy changes of the outermost or highest energy electron of molecules were dealt with here in a different passion. The energies of ot

    		•
  • Q : Describe characteristics of halides and

    Halides characteristics

    		•
  • Q : Vapour pressure of water Give me answer

    Give me answer of this question. 5cm3 of acetone is added to 100cm3 of water, the vapour pressure of water over the solution: (a) It will be equal to the vapour pressure of pure water (b) It will be less than the vapour pressure of pure water

    		•
  • Q : Infrared Adsorption The adsorption of

    The adsorption of infrared radiation by diatomic molecules increases the vibrational energy fo molecules and gives information about the force constant for the "spring" of the molecule.;The molecular motion that has the next larger energy level spacing aft

    		•
  • Q : Problem on equilibrium constant Ethanol

    Ethanol is manufactured from carbon monoxide and hydrogen at 600 K and 20 bars according to the reaction2 C0(g) + 4 H2(g) ↔ C2H5OH(g) + H2O (g)The feed stream contains 60 mol% H2, 20 m

    		•
  • Q : Explain solid in liquid solutions. The

    The French chemist Francois Marie Raoult (1886) carried out a series of experiments to study the vapour pressure of a number of binary solutions. On the basis of the results of the experiments, he proposed a generalization called Raoult's law which states that, <

    		•
  • Q : What are ion selective electrodes? Ion

    Ion Selective Electrodes An ion selective membrane can be used to form an electrochemical cell whose emf depends on the concentration of that ion. Before we proceed to an important application of emf measurements, brie

    		•
  • Q : Problem on relative volatility In

    In vapor-liquid equilibrium the relative volatility αij is defined to be the ratio of the separation or K factor for species i to that for species j, that is,  αij = Ki/Kj

    		•
  • Q : Question based on relative lowering of

    Give me answer of this question. When a non-volatile solute is dissolved in a solvent, the relative lowering of vapour pressure is equal to: (a) Mole fraction of solute (b) Mole fraction of solvent (c) Concentration of the solute in grams per litre

    		•