Define Quantum Cryptography

Question

Give a brief explanation of the term Quantum Cryptography.

Answer 1

Quantum cryptography is the technique for secure key exchange over insecure channel which is based on the nature of the photons. Photons have polarization, which can be evaluated in any basis, where a basis comprises two directions orthogonal to each other. When photon's polarization is read in same basis twice, the polarization will be read properly and will remain unaffected. When it is read in two dissimilar bases, a random answer will be acquired in the second basis, and the polarization in initial basis will be altered randomly.