Define Machs principle
Mach's principle (E. Mach; c. 1870): The inertia of any specific particle or particles of matter is attributable to the interaction among that piece of matter and the rest of the world. Therefore, a body in isolation would contain no inertia.
Chandrasekhar limit (S. Chandrasekhar; 1930): A limit that mandates that no white dwarf (a collapsed, degenerate star) can be much massive than around 1.4 masses solar. Any of the degenerate mass more massive should inevitably collaps
Lawson criterion (J.D. Lawson): This is the condition for the discharge of energy from a thermonuclear reactor. This is usually stated as the minimum value for the product of the density of the fuel particles and the energy imprisonme
Ultraviolet catastrophe: It is the shortcoming of Rayleigh-Jeans formula that attempted to explain the radiance of a blackbody at different frequencies of the electromagnetic spectrum. This was clearly wrong since as the frequency rose, the radiance r
Coriolis pseudoforce (G. de Coriolis; 1835): The pseudoforce that arises since of motion relative to a frame that is itself rotating relative to the second, inertial frame. The magnitude of the Coriolis "force" is tot
Bragg's law - Whenever a beam of x-rays strikes a crystal surface in which the layers of ions or atoms are often separated, the maximum intensity of the reflected ray takes place when the complement of the angle of incidence, theta (θ), the wave
Beauty criterion (Dirac) - The idea that more aesthetically pleasing a theory is the superior it is. In nature this criterion does not stand up to the actual test -- whether or not forecasts of a given theory agree with observational tests -- however
Negative feedback principle: It is the idea that in a system where there are self-propagating situations, those new situations tend to act against formerly existing situations. Such a principle is in actuality a restatement of the conservation law.
Describe the term ntu in thermodynamics? Illustrate in short.
Tau-theta paradox (1950s): Whenever two distinct kinds of kaons, tau and theta (nowadays tau refers to a totally different particle) decay, tau decays into three particles, whereas the theta decays into two. The tau and theta vary onl
Becquerel: Bq (after A.H. Becquerel, 1852-1908) - The derived SI unit of the activity stated as the activity of radionuclide decay at a rate, on the average, of one nuclear transition every 1 s; it hence has units of s-1.
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