Define Mach number
Mach number (E. Mach): It is the ratio of the speed of an object in a specified medium to the speed of sound in that medium.
Millikan oil drop experiment (R.A. Millikan): A famed experiment designed to compute the electronic charge. The drops of oil were carried past a consistent electric field among charged plates. Subsequent to charging the drop with x-ra
Define Ideal gas constant or universal molar gas constant? Ideal gas constant: or universal molar gas constant; R: The constant which appears in the ideal gas equation. It is equivalent to
Complementarity principle (N. Bohr): The principle that a specified system can’t exhibit both wave-like behavior and particle-like behavior at similar time. That is, some experiments will reveal the wave-like nature of a system,
Boyle's law (R. Boyle; 1662); Mariotte's law (E. Mariotte; 1676) - The product result of the volume and pressure of an ideal gas at constant (steady) temperature is constant.
Ehrenfest paradox (Ehernfest, 1909): The special relativistic "paradox" including a fast rotating disc. As any radial segment of the disc is perpendicular to the direction of motion, there must be no length contraction of the radius;
Chandrasekhar limit (S. Chandrasekhar; 1930): A limit that mandates that no white dwarf (a collapsed, degenerate star) can be much massive than around 1.4 masses solar. Any of the degenerate mass more massive should inevitably collaps
Eotvos law of capillarity (Baron L. von Eotvos; c. 1870): The surface tension gamma of a liquid is associated to its temperature T, the liquid's critical temperature, T*, and its density rho by: gamma ~=
Hawking radiation (S.W. Hawking; 1973): The theory which black holes emit radiation similar to any other hot body. The virtual particle-antiparticle pairs are continuously being made in supposedly empty space. Infrequently, a pair wil
Kirkwood gaps (Kirkwood): The gaps in the asteroid belt, caused by the resonance effects from Jupiter. Similar gaps are also exists in Saturn's rings, due to the resonance effects of the shepherd moons.
Singularity: The center of a black hole, where the curvature of space-time is maximal. At singularity, the gravitational tides deviate; no solid object can yet theoretically survive beating the singularity. Though singularities usually predict inconsi
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