Define Fermats principle
Fermat's principle: principle of least time (P. de Fermat): The principle, put onward by P. de Fermat that explains the path taken by a ray of light among any two points in a system is for all time the path which takes the least time.
Tachyon paradox: The argument explaining that tachyons (should they subsist, of course) can’t carry an electric charge. For an imaginary-massed particle travelling faster than c, less energy the tachyon has, the faster it travels, till at zero e
Hubble constant: H0 (E.P. Hubble; 1925): The constant that determines the relationship among the distance to a galaxy and its velocity of recession due to the growth of the Universe. As the Universe is self-gravitating, it is not trut
Chronology protection conjecture (S.W. Hawking): The notion that the formation of any closed time like curve will (automatically) involuntarily be destroyed by the quantum fluctuations as soon as it is made. In another words, the quan
Mole: mol: The basic SI unit of substance, stated as the quantity of substance which contains as many elementary units (that is, atoms, molecules, ions, and so forth) as there are atoms in 0.012 kg of carbon-12.
Briefly explain the procedure to define the Specific Gravity?
Avogadro's hypothesis (Count A. Avogadro; 1811): Equivalent volumes of all gases at similar temperature and pressure contain equivalent numbers of molecules. This is, in fact, true only for the ideal gases. <
Bragg's law - Whenever a beam of x-rays strikes a crystal surface in which the layers of ions or atoms are often separated, the maximum intensity of the reflected ray takes place when the complement of the angle of incidence, theta (θ), the wave
Trojan satellites: Satellites that orbit a body at one or the other Trojan points associative to a secondary body. There are numerous illustrations of this in our own solar system: a collection of asteroids that orbit in the Trojan points of Jupiter;
Joule-Thomson effect: Joule-Kelvin effect (J.P. Joule, W. Thomson [later Lord Kelvin]): The change in temperature which takes place whenever a gas expands into an area of lower pressure.
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