Define Fermats principle
Fermat's principle: principle of least time (P. de Fermat): The principle, put onward by P. de Fermat that explains the path taken by a ray of light among any two points in a system is for all time the path which takes the least time.
Explain Correspondence limit or Correspondence principle? Correspondence limit (N. Bohr): The limit at which a more common theory decreases to a more specialized theory when the situations that the
Peltier effect (J.C.A. Peltier; 1834): The modification in temperature produced at a junction among the two dissimilar metals or semiconductors whenever an electric current passes through the junction.
Assuming ideal gas: a) Calculate the average velocity of a nitrogen molecule at 298K and compare to the velocity of a helium molecule at the same conditions. b) Calculate the temperature wh
Tau-theta paradox (1950s): Whenever two distinct kinds of kaons, tau and theta (nowadays tau refers to a totally different particle) decay, tau decays into three particles, whereas the theta decays into two. The tau and theta vary onl
Photoelectric effect: An effect described by A. Einstein that demonstrates that light seems to be made up of particles, or photons. The light can excite electrons (termed as photoelectrons in this context) to be ejected from the metal. Light with a fr
Metre: meter; m: The basic SI unit of length, stated as the length of the path traveled by light in vacuum throughout a period of 1/299 792 458 s.
Mach's principle (E. Mach; c. 1870): The inertia of any specific particle or particles of matter is attributable to the interaction among that piece of matter and the rest of the world. Therefore, a body in isolation would contain no inertia.
Steradian: sr: The supplementary SI unit of solid angle stated as the solid central angle of a sphere which encloses a surface on the sphere equivalent to the square of the sphere's radius.
Permittivity of free space: electric constant; epsilon_0: The ratio of the electric displacement to the intensity of the electric field generating it in vacuum. It is equivalent to 8.854 x 10-12 F/m.
Ohm's law (G. Ohm; 1827): The ratio of the potential difference among the ends of a conductor to the current flowing via it is constant; the constant of proportionality is termed as the resistance, and is distinct for different materials.
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